Fire Risk Analysis And Emergency Evacuation Path Of Urban Complex

With the improvement of social economy,the process of urbanization is speeding up,and available land resources are reducing.In this scenario,urban complex has emerged to meet people’s demand for integrated requirements of business,accommodation,and entertainment.Urban complex is characterized by large building volume,high human flow and density.Once a fire accident occurs,it often causes huge economic losses and casualties,and its impact on society is beyond estimation.In recent years,the fire of urban complex has increased from time to time.Therefore,people are more concerned about possible fire risks while enjoying the convenience of urban complex.In order to prevent the fire,studying the fire problems of urban complex can improve the fire risk management of urban complex.This paper is divided into three parts.First,it analyzes the fire risk factors of urban complex by using the accident tree,and then it conducts a qualitative analysis by calculating the minimum cut set,the minimum path set,and the structural importance.Specifically,it collects 68 fire cases in the urban complex on safehoo,and obtains the prequency of 34 basic events by using the induction method.Besides,it figures out the importance of each basic event through quantitative analysis of the occurrence probability,probability importance,and critical importance coefficient of top events.It can be seen that combustible materials are an essential factor to cause fire,electrical is the most common ignition source with the largest occurrence probability,and the importance of personnel evacuation factor is relatively large.Secondly,combining the factors from the accident tree with relevant laws and regulations,this paper proposes toconstruct the fire safety evaluation index system of urban complex based on fire risk source control,fire prevention ability,fire extinguishing ability,safe evacuation ability,and fire safety management.Then,the index weight is obtained through the combination of subjective and objective weighting methods.A fuzzy urban complex comprehensive evaluation model of fire risk is established.The fire risk level of urban complex is determined accordingly,so as to ensure the fire risk.Finally,this paper selects an urban complex and evaluates its fire risk under a certain criterion.It is concluded that the fire risk is at the second level(relatively safe).For the first floor of the urban complex,due to its special environment,this paper considers the crowd density,smoke diffusion,path and outlet capacity under the condition of single source point and multiple outlets.It uses numerical simulation and empirical formula comparison and verification methods to calculate the shortest time and the best path for evacuation.The feasibility and effectiveness of the urban complex fire risk evaluation and evacuation scheme are verified,which provides a set of effective methods for reducing the fire risk and improving the evacuation efficiency of the urban complex.