Research On Evaluation Of Intergenerational Soladarity Perfomance And Optimization Strategy Of Residential Public Space

China has begun to enter an aging society,running a “home-based,community-based,and institutional-supplemented” pension service system.More than 90% of the elderly are aging at home under the service of the community and the government.To a certain extent,the environment of the residential areas cannot meet the requirements of active aging.Intergenerational solidarity and mutual assistance are an important parts of the active ageing policy framework,so settlement construction should focus on enhancing the performance of intergenerational solidarity.Residential public space is the core of social life and community well-being,and can provide a large number of new and challenging places to improve interpersonal relationships between residents of different ages.Therefore,the public spaces of the residential areas,as environmental support,are very important for the development of non-kinship intergenerational mutual assistance.This study summarizes the development history,core concepts and advantages of the intergenerational mutual aid model in residential areas by analyzing relevant literature and actual cases of all-age-friendly,intergenerational mutual assistance and other types of settlements related to multi-generation groups at home and abroad.It also investigates the actual settlements and explores the need to improve the residential public space with the goal of improving the performance of intergenerational solidarity.Through the questionnaire survey of residents,it verified the feasibility of implementing the intergenerational model in the public space of residential areas in China,and the intergenerational mutual assistance demand-support model is established.On this basis,this study aims to extract the factors that affect the performance of intergenerational solidarity to construct an evaluation index system.Based on literature review and field investigation,this paper proposes that the evaluation of intergenerational solidarity performance in residential public spaces should based on four environments affordances,that is,accessibility(to promote intergenerational meetings),security(to establish intergenerational trust),sense of belonging(to promote intergenerational communication),interactivity/engagement(to promote intergenerational mutual assistance).Firstly,through the literature review and case analysis,the primary selection library of evaluation indicators was extracted.Based on a Likert scale questionnaire survey of multi-generation residents,the second round of expert consultation surveys was conducted to ensure the scientificity of the evaluation indicators.After obtaining the final evaluation index set,the evaluation indicators were weighted through the analytic hierarchy process to obtain the final intergenerational solidarity performance evaluation system.The Taoli Chunfeng,an all-age livable residential area in Hangzhou,was selected as the research object.Combined with the evaluation system,the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate its intergenerational solidarity performance,expounding the utility and process of the evaluation system,and verifying its feasibility.Finally,taking the rule hierarchies of the evaluation index system as a guidance,the design elements in the evaluation index system are integrated according to the importance degree,to form the public space optimization strategies for promoting intergenerational solidarity,including the balanced public space layout to promote intergenerational meetings,inclusive and safe facilities to meet universal principles,healthy and positive environment to strengthen intergenerational sense of belonging,and multifunctional and compound spaces to promote intergenerational interaction.This study has initially established an evaluation index system for intergenerational solidarity performance of residential public spaces and proposed design optimization strategies.It improves the design theory of residential areas and the design standards for active ageing at home,which provide reference indicators and strategic guidance for the optimization of residential environment in China.