Study On The Evolution And Morphological Characteristics Of Modern Religious Architecture In Harbin

At the end of the 19 th century,with the construction of the Middle East Railway,immigrants from China,Russia and Japan came to Harbin one after another,during which a large number of churches were built in Harbin.In each historical period,the development process of religious architecture presents different forms and characteristics.On the one hand,the change of religious architectural form comes from the designer's ingenious conception,and on the other hand,it comes from its home culture.The communication and conflict between different cultures make the religious architecture in Harbin present a diversified attitude.This paper aims to analyze the formation and development,distribution,spatial characteristics,architectural classification,form and region,material and structure selection,plane layout and artistic characteristics of religious buildings in Harbin.First of all,this paper combs the historical evolution and development of modern religious architecture in Harbin,and divides its development stage into three periods: the Middle East Railway period,the immigration period and the puppet Manchukuo period.The historical background of these cities has gradually become the keynote of urban cultural development.According to their own characteristics,the development of modern religion in Harbin can be divided into two types: native type and foreign type.This paper analyzes the interaction between religious development and urban development from the perspective of religious culture.This paper mainly introduces the formation reason and mode of early religious architecture in Harbin,and divides the development history of religious architecture into prosperous period,languid period and stagnant period.This paper mainly selects three districts with characteristics in the old urban area of Harbin,and discusses the distribution and characteristics of religious buildings.Through the analysis of different traditions between different religions and the study of the differences in the distribution of religious buildings.At last,the author concludes that there are few conflicts and the degree of integration is good.The existing religious buildings in Harbin,such as Sophia Church and synagogue,are well protected,and their protection strategies are worth learning.However,there are still some architectural heritages in a dangerous waste state,such as the irreversible damage may occur if the main body of the building is not protected as soon as possible.According to the rules and regulations of religious building protection,we can summarize the conclusion of building reuse.In view of many difficulties encountered in the restoration of religious buildings,designers can use digital restoration design to solve them.On the one hand,digital restoration design is an important research method in the research of architectural history,which can deepen the understanding of practitioners,on the other hand,it can also provide reference for future urban design.Religious buildings in Harbin have many historical,cultural,artistic and use values.Through the analysis of three successful reconstruction cases of Harbin religious heritage,the development direction of their protection and repair should be the combination of active protection and reuse of architectural heritage.