Research On The Optimization Of The Interior Spatial Layout Of Nursing Home Based On RFID

China has entered the aging society since the end of the 20^th century,it is expected that the elderly population will reach 484 million by 2050,accounting for more than34.1%of the total population,it will cause serious social and economic problems.many families present a"4-2-1"or"8-4-2-1"family structure by the influence of the family planning policy,it makes the burden of children's care of the elderly more and more heavy,with the increase of the number of the elderly who is older and living alone,family pensions can‘t longer fully meet the needs of the elderly in the society,thereby increasing the demand for institutional pensions.However,people only consider meeting the needs of beds,then ignoring the impact of elderly behavior in the building environment.At present,most of the space layout design of the Nursing Home imitates the layout of hotels and hospitals in China,the living space is independent from other spaces,and the design of each space lack of connection,which cannot meet the daily life of the elderly.Therefore,in order to alleviate the pressure of aging and improve the quality of life of the elderly in the Nursing Home,it is meaningful to optimize the spatial layout of the Nursing Home that based on the behavior patterns of the elderly.This article taken a Nursing Home as the research object,by means of Radio Frequency Identification?RFID?technology to monitor the movement trajectory of 13elderly people,and assists in on-site interviews and field observations to discuss the deficiencies in the space layout of elderly care institutions and fully understand the relationship between life behavior patterns and space of the elderly,then based on the genetic algorithm program written by MATLAB software,using the function-space allocation model to optimize the space layout that is beneficial to the life of the elderly.Meanwhile,the impact of different elderly people's life behaviors on the optimization results of space layout was compared and analyzed from five different situations:different floors,different time periods,different distances from the elevator,different genders,and different living space types,in order to explore whether the different behavioral characteristics of the elderly will make a difference in the optimization results.The main conclusions summarized through interview analysis and optimization results are as follows:?1?The space function is singular,and the other functions of the space are not well utilized,then result in a low space utilization rate;?2?The elevator is very important for the Nursing Home,and the layout of its position will directly affect the enthusiasm of the elderly to go out;?3?From the perspective of the elderly's daily life,compared to the entertainment space,the relative position of the dining room,rehabilitation training center with the elderly bedroom is more important;?4?Although there are some differences of the optimization results for different research objects,the purpose of the layout has not changed,that it is necessary to arrange the dining room,rehabilitation training center and bedroom in the adjacent area as much as possible.By means of on-site interviews,field observations and RFID positioning technology,this article can understand the current status of the space layout of the Nursing Home well,and provide reference for the management services and space design of the Nursing Home in the future.Meanwhile,the function-space allocation model can be applied not only to the spatial layout of pension institutions,but also to the optimization of the spatial layout of other pension service buildings,such as day care centers,hospitals,etc.,in order to fully improve space utilization and convenient for its users.