Analysis On Bottleneck Travel Behavior And Charging Strategies Under Mixed Vehicle Environment

With the rapid socio-economic development,car ownership continues to grow rapidly and urban road congestion is becoming more and more serious.In order to alleviate urban congestion,travel methods are increasingly diversified,in addition to the traditional subway,bus and taxi,there are also new transportation modes such as car-sharing and net-rickshaws.With the rapid development of technology and the maturity of self-driving car technology,autonomous vehicles is expected to become a reality from an ideal.This paper examines bottleneck travel behaviour in a mixed-model environment,and specifically,the research in this thesis has the following aspects.First,this paper considers the behavioral differences between autonomous vehicles and regular vehicles in terms of both traveling and parking,and examines the early peak travel behavior of bottleneck corridors when the two coexist.The following three scenarios are considered: 1)autonomous vehicles only increase road capacity;2)autonomous vehicles only decrease the value of travel time(VOT,the value of time);and 3)both road capacity and VOT are affected.All possible equilibrium travel patterns for each scenario are analyzed and the departure rates,critical time points,critical conditions,and total system travel costs for the two types of commuters in different travel patterns are derived.Second,a possible travel pattern based on the peak of the no-toll equilibrium state thesis examines the travel behavior patterns of two types of commuters after implementing a time-varying tolling strategy and derives the departure rates,critical time points,time-varying tolling functions,and total travel costs for both types of commuters for each travel pattern.Again,this paper also examines possible travel behavior patterns after the implementation of a parking tolling strategy based on possible travel patterns during the peak of the no-toll equilibrium state,deriving the departure rates,critical time points,parking charge functions,and total travel costs for the two types of commuters for each travel pattern.Finally,in the numerical example section,firstly,the effect of autopilot on the coefficient of increase in capacity and the coefficient of decrease in VOT,as well as the effect of the proportion of autopilot vehicles on the total system cost in the no-fee equilibrium state is investigated;secondly,the total cost of commuters’ trips after the time-varying tolling strategy and parking tolling strategy is compared with the total system cost in the no-fee equilibrium state.The numerical results show that the timevarying,parking tolling strategy proposed in this paper can completely eliminate congested queues at bottlenecks and significantly reduce the total travel cost of the system.