Research On The Relationship Between HSR Stations And Urban Development

High speed railway station is an important part of high-speed railway,and also an important carrier of the relationship between high-speed railway rapid transportation network and the city.Its location and development will inevitably bring new catalyst effect to the city.With the continuous improvement of high-speed railway network density in China,cities along the line have also introduced high-speed railway new town planning,hoping to achieve rapid development of the city,but the growth of permanent population and GDP of high-speed railway station cities is not satisfactory.This paper studies the stops of Shinkansen in Tokaido,Japan.It is found that the population of Osaka declined sharply in the 20 years after Shinkansen was opened,while the population of Nagoya,which is also a developed city,grew rapidly.The GDP and industrial structure of the high-speed railway station cities also changed in different trends.Therefore,the research question of this paper is put forward: what is the relationship between the high-speed railway station and the development of the station City? What factors influence the relationship between them?This paper summarizes the definition of urban development through literature review,analyzes the impact of high-speed rail on urban development;in the mechanism part,the application of node place model in the field of urban economics is discussed and extended,and the impact mechanism between the site and the city is analyzed,which makes a useful exploration for enriching urban development theory and improving the research of high-speed rail economy In the empirical part,the design scale,station building area,planning positioning and functional positioning of stations along the Beijing Shanghai high speed railway,GDP and resident population scale of the station city are analyzed,and the gravity model based on the space-time distance is constructed,which extends the application of the gravity model to different areas in the city,and the gravity model is decomposed.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: First,in the theoretical part,according to the existing research of urban economics,the definition of urban development is summarized,and the impact of high-speed rail stations on urban development is mainly concentrated in three aspects: spatial level,urban market and public service.Second,in the mechanism part,the connotation of high-speed railway station and its interaction mechanism with the city are described,and it is found that the two are the coupling relationship of interaction.Third,in the empirical part,the Beijing Shanghai railway station is divided into three echelons by the gravity value of the station city.It is found that the design level,positioning and the economic population scale of the city have the same trend changes.The space-time distance between the stations and the city and the perfection of the urban public transport will significantly affect the strength of the role between the stations and the city.The stations have been opened for seven years for the Beijing Shanghai high speed railway Through the research on the change of urban gravity value,it is found that the five stations with the largest change of gravity value are Tengzhou east station,Jinan west station,Bengbu south station,Chuzhou station and Qufu east station,with the change range exceeding 40%;through the decomposition of gravity value,it is found that there is a certain degree of Station City mismatch between Nanjing South Station,Tianjin west station,Suzhou north station and Tianjin south station.Fourth,policy significance,through the analysis of the operation of these four stations,it is concluded that the design planning and site selection of high-speed railway stations should consider the operation of the existing stations in the city,more importantly,they should be integrated with the national strategic planning and the future development goals of the city.After completion of construction,the stations should be reasonably utilized through the line planning and mapping works,so as to help the stations play a better role in the city.