Simulation Study On Fire And Passenger Evacuation In Urban Rail Transit Station Based On Vr Simulation Study On Fire And Passenger Evacuation In Urban Rail Transit Station Based On Vr

With the rapid development of urban public transportation,the subway as a large-capacity public transport gradually assumes more and more passenger flow,and some subway stations almost reach saturation during the morning and evening rush hours.Except for some above-ground stations,the central subway station is generally located at a certain depth underground,which means that in the event of a disaster in the subway station,passengers in the station must overcome their own gravity to escape to the ground,consistent with the direction of smoke dispersion,and the structural characteristics of the subway station lead to ventilation Smoke is more difficult,which increases the difficulty for passengers to escape.Subway fire accidents run through the entire history of subway development and occur frequently,and once a fire occurs in a subway station,passenger casualties and economic losses caused by it cannot be estimated.In recent years,domestic and foreign scholars have conducted more research on subway fires,generally using commercial fire simulation software and pedestrian simulation software to directly conduct fire simulation and passenger evacuation simulation.This technical method can greatly reduce the cost budget and reduce the implementation risk,but the reliability of the passenger evacuation simulation results has certain problems,because the behavior of the passengers in the fire scenario is difficult to obtain.Virtual reality(VR)technology provides a viable technical means for participants to immerse themselves in virtual reality scenes.In recent years,it has been gradually used in the field of emergency drills.If it is applied to the research of subway fire evacuation,it can more realistically study passengers ' Evacuation behavior.Based on the above background,this article mainly integrates subway fire simulation research,pedestrian microscopic simulation research and VR technology research and development "virtual reality urban rail transit fire evacuation simulation drill platform",based on this platform to take Beijing Metro Line 6 Youth Road Station as an example to develop a subway platform Fire passenger evacuation research,and comparative analysis with "Metro Safety Evacuation Code"(GB / T 33668-2017)(hereinafter referred to as the national standard evacuation code).This article first summarizes and compares the contents of passenger evacuation involving subway station fire in the NFPA-130 of the United States,the Taiwan MRT code and the national standard evacuation code,mainly from the calculation of the number of evacuated passengers,the passing capacity of key equipment facilities and the necessary evacuation time standards,etc.Several aspects unfolded.Then taking Qingnian Road Station as an example,the necessary safety evacuation time of passengers at the platform of Qingnian Road Station was calculated based on US regulations,China Taiwan regulations and national standard evacuation regulations,and the calculation results of the three regulations were evaluated and analyzed.Secondly,taking Qingnian Road Station as an example,it summarizes the ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment in the subway station and the environmental control measures of the fire in the platform and station hall,and then uses the fire simulation software Smartfire to build a numerical simulation model of the Qingnian Road Station,according to the different settings of the environmental control conditions.In 7 working conditions,the temperature and smoke are used as the evaluation indicators to compare and evaluate the fire simulation results of different working conditions,and finally the optimal ventilation and smoke exhaust mode of the station fire is proposed.After that,based on the classic social force model,an improved predictive collision social force model is proposed to improve the simulation of pedestrian behavior,and the fire properties and status of pedestrians are proposed based on the fire characteristics.The pedestrian collision prediction is proposed by analogy to pedestrian collision avoidance.Circumvention mechanism.Finally,the above models are calibrated,and finally a social force-agent pedestrian model that can autonomously sense the physical space environment and fire and respond to it autonomously.Then based on the Unity3 D development environment,3ds Max rendering tool,etc.,the virtual scene construction of the Youth Road Station and the development of the virtual reality simulation system were developed.Based on the above subway station fire simulation data and the improved social force-agent simulation model,the system UI,logic architecture and The system functional architecture eventually developed a multi-functional "virtual reality urban rail transit fire evacuation simulation drill platform".Finally,three typical scenes are established with the help of the virtual reality system: scene 1 has no fire,scene 2 the leftmost escalator on fire does not limit the use of the escalator beside it,and scene 3 the leftmost escalator on fire limits the use of the escalator beside it.Then conduct passenger evacuation simulation on these three scenarios separately,observe and record the progress and results of the entire passenger evacuation,and finally make a complete evaluation of the evacuation situation of Qingnian Road Station.In this paper,based on the subway station fire simulation research and micro pedestrian simulation research,the "urban rail transit virtual reality evacuation simulation training platform" was developed.Taking the subway Qingnian Road station as an example,the platform is used to set up evacuation simulation scenarios,and the results of the simulation are evaluated to confirm that the system has high practicability.