Pedestrian Micro-behavior Modeling And Facility Optimization For Rail Transit Stations

Urban rail transit is becoming the primary choice for people to travel for its environmentally,punctual and efficiency.At the same time,with the rapid increase of rail transit passenger flow,station congestion has become an increasingly prominent problem,which has been a major problem for many urban transportation in developed cities.It is urgent to improve the relevant theory to provide reference for solving practical problems.In order to improve the passing capacity of the station,it is one of the effective ways to study the micro behavior characteristics of pedestrians in order to provide reference for the optimization of facilities.However,the differences in passenger flow characteristics of different types of stations lead to the differences in micro behavior.This paper studied the passenger flow characteristics of different types of stations by using the cluster analysis.Based on the field investigation,the paper studied he micro behavior of pedestrians at the typical bottleneck of the station.The social force model was used for simulation analysis,and the optimization of station facilities was studied.The research results have certain guiding significance for improving the service level and operation efficiency of the station.Based on the characteristics of Beijing metro passenger flow,the paper introduced the passenger flow coefficient as an index to cluster 74 stations of Beijing Metro Line 1,2 and 4 into 7 types,and analyzed the trend,composition and generation characteristics of different types of station’s passenger.Firstly,based on the passenger flow monitoring data of Beijing Metro,the similarity analysis between different stations was carried out by using passenger flow coefficient to expand the differences between different types of stations,and as a clustering index,74 stations of Beijing Metro Line 1,2 and 4 were clustered into 7 types of stations;secondly,the passenger flow trend of different types of stations was analyzed from three dimensions of gender,age and baggage carrying.The paper analyzed the composition of station passenger flow,studied the trend of passenger flow coefficient of different types of stations based on the data of Beijing passenger flow inbound and outbound of stations,and put forward the theoretical calculation formula of different types of station passenger flow.Based on the social force model,the simulation model was established at the security check facility and the gate.The paper analyzed pedestrian’s choice and walking in both two positions by simulation.Firstly,the typical micro behaviors of pedestrians in the station were analyzed,and the time occupied by the station facilities and the average number of people queuing were selected as the quantitative indexes.And the basic parameters of pedestrian modeling were calibrated and the evaluation indexes were selected according to the micro behaviors studied;Secondly,local model of security inspection facilities and gate were built.Based on station clustering,the paper analyzed the relationship between the occupation time of security check facilities and the average number of people queuing.The paper also studied the pedestrian selection behavior and passenger flow,passing time and pedestrian type,and the influence degree of different pedestrians when they are blocked at the gateBased on the analysis results of micro behavior characteristics of pedestrians,local optimization measures were proposed.This paper takes the actual station as an example to simulate and verify the effectiveness of the optimization measures.Firstly,according to the micro behavior characteristics of pedestrians,this paper put forward the optimization measures of increasing the number of machines,increasing the travel distance at security check,changing the layout of the gate,increasing the number of the gate at the gate;Taking Jiaomen west station of Beijing Metro as an example,taking the morning and evening peak as different simulation scenarios,this paper analyzed the pedestrian passing situation and service level at the security check and gate.Then,the paper,proposed optimization measures,and verified the effectiveness of the optimization measures by simulation and quantitative analysis.