Uncertainty Of Urban Development

This study introduces the state of informal settlements in Kabul city based on comprehensive review of recent reports on urban development from national governments(Uncertainty Urban Development).As the dramatic growing trend of urbanization is acknowledging by many academics and has become a challenge for many countries throughout the world.However,it can be seen as a major challenge in developing counties such as Afghanistan.The article of urbanization in Kabul city is rather new but has recently received much attention both internationally and nationally.As Kabul city as one of those fast-growing cities has witnessed rapid urbanization with the many inevitable issues including,the manifestation of informal settlements.Rapid migration and vast urban expansion have contributed to huge informal settlements in Kabul city.Post –war refugees,the return of internally displaced inhabitants to the city and rural migration are some unexpected influences.This in addition to limited planning capacity of the government to meet the high demand for building plots has directed to growth of the informal settlements.The attempt to address the growing presence of informal settlement in Kabul has led to the policy of informal settlements upgrading employed by local government together with international organizations.It has been calculated as the biggest obstructions that hinder the process of achieving a sustainable perspective planning and moreover,it blocks implementation of the city’s future master plan.At the same time,it is a famous fact that social conflicts disturb both public lives and physical form of the cities which can be seen in many instances throughout the world.As a consequence,numerous economic,physical and social challenges are created,of which the establishment of informal settlement is the main example.It is debated globally throughout research and academic topics that informal areas are shaped by the poor,lived in by the poor or they are shaped because of an inadequate planning system and polices.Squatter settlements in the current fast pace of urban growth are home to a huge number of the population in developing countries across the world.In case of Kabul city,the capital of Afghanistan,informal settlements account for up to 80% of the total city population.This study project aims to find the factors that have triggered the growth of such areas in Kabul city.To attain this research objective,a case study research methodology was employed,the methods includes;literature review,physical measurement,observation,interview with the inhabitants and governmental urban institutions.The is not suggesting a model of change for the informal areas but to provide the knowledge and understanding on how these areas are shaped and existing conditions.In conclusion this study has been relevant in revealing important informal settlements practices,conditions and negative effect of fast growing of informal settlements on urban planning of Kabul city.This is necessary as a crucial step into identifying innovative philosophies for the future development of Kabul.Connected to this is also the need for further research to provide additional insights and heats for sustainable urban development of Kabul city.