Emergency Evacuation And Strategic Planning For High-rise Buildings

As China’s urbanization process continues to deepen,the number of high-rise buildings is increasing day by day.While meeting the material and cultural needs of people,it also brings greater security risks.In the event of a fire,poisoning,first aid and other critical events in the building,the stairs are the only escape route for vertical evacuation when the fire elevator cannot be used,and it is also the safest evacuation method with the highest degree of recognition in emergency situations.However,due to its structural complexity and space limitations,high-rise building stairs are often the bottleneck for long-distance vertical evacuation.When faced with emergencies,how to quickly and effectively evacuate pedestrians in high-rise buildings has always been the focus of research in the field of crowd evacuation.First,this paper introduces the three tools,Unity3 D,Mass Motion and Path Finder involved in the research,and then analyzes and compares the functions and environment modeling capabilities of these tools,and summarizes the applicability of different software to the research.Then,using Path Finder,this work studies the effect of stair trapezoid on evacuation of personnel,the crowding characteristics of stairwell personnel and the confluence process of stairwell personnel.This paper first selects the typical trapezoidal trapezoids of high-rise buildings,mainly including double-running stairs,single-running scissors stairs,double-running scissors stairs,and studying the influence of different trapezoids on evacuation under different personnel density;then studying the personnel density in different floor areas during evacuation.Then,combined with the concept of service level,analyze the congestion characteristics of each area;finally,the effect of crowds and no flow on the evacuation speed in the double-running scissors staircase.Furthermore,on the basis of understanding the research status of human-induced evacuation strategies,this paper selects the typical dormitory buildings in universities as the research object,the authors conduct simple research and analysis on evacuation(ie,experimental group)based on personal cognition,and then study the points.Layer evacuation strategy,stair-guided evacuation strategy and stratification and stair guidance combined with evacuation strategy evacuation of people in the building under three different strategies.Finally,in order to explore the feasibility of using Unity3 D as a virtual reality tool in the field of evacuation simulation,this paper compares the evacuation simulation effect ofUnity3 D with a university office building as the carrier and the simulation results of Mass Motion and Path Finder.In addition,the smoke simulation results of the fire simulation software FDS were transferred to Unity3 D to simulate a more realistic personnel escape scenario.This paper conducts a series of studies aimed at providing technical guidance and support for evacuation of high-rise buildings in emergency situations,and using the existing virtual reality technology to achieve a more realistic simulation of emergency evacuation scenarios.