Study On The Evaluation System Of Outdoor Environment For The Elders In Existing Residential Areas

According to a report released by the national bureau of statistics in 2019,the aging level of the population will continue to deepen by 2018,reaching 18 percent,and will peak in 2040.Pension has become one of the serious challenges in China’s social transformation period.Meanwhile,people’s pension mode and demand for pension also have a variety of changes.Influenced by the concept and economic level,home-based old-age care and community old-age care are still the mainstream modes,which will not change in a long time.Therefore,urban residential areas,especially the existing residential areas with a large proportion of the elderly population,bear the main pressure of old-age care.Existing residential areas are the product of China’s rapid residential construction in the1980 s and 1990 s,which still account for a large proportion of urban residential areas,but have exposed many shortcomings,such as the lack of humanized design,lack of activity and communication space,aging of buildings and ancillary facilities,and lack of greening,etc.Based on the aging background,existing residential areas are more and more obvious shortcomings of aging,which can not meet the residents’ pursuit of quality of life,not to mention the needs of the daily life of the elderly.In recent years,China has carried out special renovation for a group of existing residential areas,which has improved the situation of the residential areas to a certain extent.However,the function of renovation is relatively single,the quality improvement is limited,and less attention is paid to the aging of the residential areas,ignoring the elderly who occupy a large proportion of the existing residential areas.As the elderly population has certain particularity in physiology,psychology,behavior pattern and other aspects,it is necessary to carry out targeted design and transformation of the residential environment.The degree of aging suitability is directly related to the life and health status of the elderly population,and also has a profound impact on residents of other ages in the residential area.Therefore,the establishment of the evaluation system of aging suitability in existing residential areas is more and more important.This research is based on the research results of 20 existing residential areas in Dalian,and based on the domestic and foreign residential environmental evaluation system,the agingsuitability evaluation system,the design standards and specifications related to residential areas and the elderly,and related theories,the evaluation index system of outdoor environmental aging suitability of existing residential areas is constructed by combining qualitative and quantitative analysis,and the weight of each level of indicators is calculated.The evaluation system mainly evaluates whether the planning and design of the existing residential environment is reasonable and perfect,and whether it can meet the daily living needs of the elderly of all ages.It can not only carry out the needs assessment before the retrofitting,so that the retrofitting of existing residential areas can become a rational and reliable measurement standard,but also carry out the effect assessment after the retrofitting,as a verification list after the retrofitting,at the same time,it can also provide experience and reference for the planning and design of new building areas.