Research On The Spatial Composition Of Traditional Ancient Villages In Wuguan, Shanxi Province

Around the 1950 s,some scholars of architecture in China started surveying and mapping traditional ancient villages.Since the 19 th CPC National Congress,the promotion of historical and cultural protection has further promoted the research and development of ancient villages.The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development continues to protect traditional ancient villages of all types in all regions.Protection directory publicity,listing,ancient village emblem and other ways have been carried out.There are many academic conferences on architecture,planning and folklore in colleges and universities,and the protection,utilization and development of ancient villages are constantly discussed.As the residential community in Ming and Qing Dynasties,the traditional ancient villages in Wuguan represent the residential culture of one region.The author focuses on the spatial composition of villages,and studies the spatial characteristics and usage regulations at the three levels of city,courtyard and house in the village.Based on the research methods of residential history in Koji Research Institute,Nishikawa University,Kyoto,Japan,the author carried out the study of Wukuan carefully and deeply.The main body of the article describes the space composition,the courtyard space composition and the inner space of the historical building.Wuguan is essentially a pass city,which is mainly composed of the space of urban defense system,the space of courtyard houses,the space of belief facilities and the space of infrastructure.The main space of the city consists of the space of tian’s,liang’s and duan’s old residence and courtyard,the courtyard lined on both sides of the old street and the south street,The buildings in the courtyard are arranged from front to back in the order of Concierge shop,front yard and wing,front hall,waist yard and wing,the second gate,hall,back yard and wing,the upper building,backmost yard.The courtyard is divided by the second gate into the outer space and the inner space of the family.Some of the courtyards have different forms due to the influence of construction time,courtyard base scale,financial resources and other factors.Each historical building in the courtyard has a variety of forms of internal space due to its different uses.The traffic space of the concierge forms the middle gateway,the front reception space forms the hall,and the sacrificial space of the upper building forms the feting ancestors hall.Up to now,the Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development has surveyed a total of 6,819 traditional ancient villages for five times,in addition,there are still a large number of well-preserved villages.Although there are a large number of traditional ancient villages in China,and there are many departments,universities and institutions concerned about ancient villages,the research stock of the residential history of ancient villages is still insufficient.This paper studies the space composition of Wuguan from large to small,carefully and carefully,and finds that the layout of courtyard and house,the space plan in the house are directly related to the reception of foreigners,privacy of residence,work content,and regulation of children and elders.The historical buildings in Wuguan village are orderly and reasonably arranged,and a fine local architectural culture is developed.Based on the current urban construction and rural revitalization of the background of The Times,the development of historical and cultural small towns meet opportunities,more need to grasp and patience to cultivate local culture.Let the modern ancient town inherit the ancient tradition and naturally grow the fine culture and fine living space of the present era.