Optimization Of The Location Of Emergency Rescue Stations And The Allocation Of Rescue Resources In Urban Rail Transit

Urban rail transit is a kind of efficient and green way to travel under the new circumstances.The increasingly developed passenger flow and traffic network make the safety management and emergency management of the operating enterprises face higher challenges.In order to reduce the impact of the emergencies and improve the level of emergency management of urban rail transit operation enterprises,it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the emergency rescue network of urban rail transit,including the location of emergency rescue stations and the allocation of rescue resources.First of all,this paper summarized the current situation of the emergency rescue work.Then,the network centrality principle of the stations was analyzed from the degree centrality,closeness centrality,and betweenness centrality respectively.The advantages,disadvantages,and applicable conditions of four classical location models,p-center model,p-median model,set covering model,and maximum covering model,were compared and analyzed.After that,the selection principles of the necessary and alternative rescue stations were determined,and the set covering model combined with the network centrality was established.Secondly,the optimization method in the early stage of the rescue resources allocation was put forward by the paper.Three data envelopment analysis methods,C~2R-DEA,SE-DEA,and SBM-DEA,were used to evaluate the resource allocation of each emergency rescue station comprehensively.At the same time,the optimization adjustment strategy was formulated for each invalid evaluation unit,so that the allocation of rescue resources of all emergency rescue stations can achieve the overall effectiveness.Finally,taking the urban rail transit network of Changchun as an example,the models established by this paper were studied.In terms of the location model,according to the network centrality combined with the actual operation situation,the necessary and alternative rescue stations were selected.Then the location decisions of three models,response mechanism model,anchorage required model,and set covering model combined with the network centrality,were compared and analyzed.In terms of the model of resource allocation optimization,taking the simulated resource allocation of six stations as an example,the relative effectiveness of resource allocation of each station was analyzed based on three data envelopment analysis models.According to the analysis results,the optimal adjustment strategy was formulated.After adjustment,all resource allocation of emergency stations achieved the strong effectiveness.Thus,the validity of the models was verified.The location model and the resource allocation optimization model established in this paper can provide the theoretical guidance for the location of emergency rescue stations in the early stage of urban rail transit planning,and for the allocation of emergency rescue materials of rail transit operation enterprises in different cities before the emergencies.All these works can help rail transit operation enterprises improve their emergency rescue capabilities.