Post-use Subjective Evaluation Of Green Residential Buildings In Hunan Province

At present,though the development of green buildings in China is in a period of rapid speed,at the same time,there are still some problems appearing: First,the development of operation marks and design marks is unbalanced for green building,as the operation marks only account for 5.2% of the total number of marks;second,the development of green residential buildings is following the way of gentrification,as a result of which,the “green” features of many green building projects which has been certificated with green marks have not been fully recognized and made used of by users.The main cause for this phenomenon is that the designers have paid too much attention to the green performance indicators,such as energy saving rates,rather than users' subjective feelings about green buildings in the construction of the buildings.Therefore,although a large number of construction projects have obtained green building marks,it is still difficult to determine whether these projects meet the expectations or needs of users for green buildings,and it is difficult to use user's feedback as a basis for improving the performance of green buildings.In this paper,it conducts a study on the typical green building evaluation standards and post-use subjective evaluation methods as well as its research status at home and abroad.After that,it then starts from the aspect of user's subjective experience,using the user experience method and expert consultation method and selecting the items and sections about perceptible green buildings in 2015 version of Evaluation Criteria of Green Buildings in Hunan Province,to found the building evaluation standards and evaluation scale based on the user's feelings.On the former analysis,it designs the related evaluation questionnaire to from the user's subjective experience perspective,using post-use subjective evaluation method,in order to obtaining relevant data by field questionnaire method and sampling from the selected three representative green residential buildings in Hunan Province.After gaining the data,some data analysis method,like mean analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis,factor analysis confirmation,and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation have been used to quantify the user feedback.Specifically,through the analysis of the mean analysis and correlation analysis,we can obtain users' satisfaction and recognition of green residential buildings.At the same time,the factor analysis can help to determine the weight of each index,and the fuzzycomprehensive evaluation can get the overall evaluation of the green building by the users.According to the quantitative analysis of the above research results,the data is quantitatively further analyzed.It finds that,there are still some evident problems existed after the use of green buildings for users as following:1.After comparing the evaluation results with the provisions,it is found that there is a phenomenon that divergence is existing between the user and the focus of standard,that is,the user and the expert have inconsistencies in the understanding of the green residential building;2.The user's understanding and awareness of green residential buildings is not enough,and relevant education and publicity needs to be strengthened;3.For users,the overall satisfaction level with the green residential building is high,but their satisfaction level with “material saving and material utilization degree” and “its operation management” is low,and there is a difference in user's satisfaction judgment compared with the real satisfaction when considering of a single technology or indicator;4.The weights of indicators in “energy saving and energy utilization degree” are generally low,and have little effect on users' use experience.Users may pay too much attention to the setting of green landscape in “land saving and outdoor environment”,and the energy-saving design of thermal insulation and ventilation,as well as air quality and situation of natural lighting in the “indoor environment” in the process of “energy saving and energy utilization”;5.The level of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is “medium”,which indicates that the performance of green residential buildings is ordinary and it needs to be optimized,according to the result of the comprehensive evaluation of users;6.For the green technology measures related to green residential buildings,it lacks post-maintenance and subsequent evaluation.Based on the mention problems mentioned above,it has explored the causes of the problems,and provide relevant improvement and optimization suggestions from some aspects including existing evaluation standards,green technologies,green residential building design,operation management,publicity and promotion,etc.,in order to improve the level of recognition of green buildings among users and to guide the development of green buildings to be better and more humane.