| The “Belt and Road” initiative is an economic cooperation and development initiative that spans three continents in Europe,Asia and Africa.The east is an economically active East Asian economic circle,and the west is a developed European Union economy.Crossing the Strait of Malacca and the Suez Canal eventually extended to Europe.Therefore,China 's economic and trade ties with European countries are an important part of the “Belt and Road” initiative.China and the EU,as the eastern and western ends of the Eurasian continent,have maintained a long-term and stable trade partnership,while the Sino-European economic and trade ties are mainly completed by sea,and the port shipping network is its main carrier.In addition,the development and evolution of global shipping has been led by the division of labor in international trade and the transformation of shipping technology.The rapid development of container transport in the 1950 s has revolutionized the transportation system and the organization of cargo sources,greatly improved the efficiency of shipping,and effectively promoted The development of global trade has also provided support for the subsequent formation of the international shipping network and the global supply chain.The development of shipping has gradually become the focus of research in the fields of geography,management and transportation planning.Based on the three time-section shipping data of the past 20 years,this paper constructs a connection network between Chinese and European ports,forming an unauthorised and weighted network.The weighted network,as a network considering the frequency of port connections between ports,can better reflect the characteristics of real network locks..Therefore,this study calculates and analyzes the topological structure characteristics of the unweighted network,verifies the small-world and scale-free characteristics of the network,analyzes the evolution of the port system in the network under the weighted network,and digs deeper into the meaning of the network indicators.The mathematical meaning is combined with the actual geographical meaning,and the change of port node accessibility in the network is compared.In addition,the spatial-temporal evolution of network transit paths,community structures,and spoke-and-spoke organization structures were also plotted and analyzed by visual sub-software such as Arcgis and Gephi.The research shows that:(1)Since 1995,the number of port nodes,countries,and routes connected by China-Europe routes have increased significantly,and the network coverage has expanded significantly;in 2005 and 2015,the network showed obvious small-world characteristics and no Scale characteristics;and the characteristics are gradually significant.(2)The port system of the Sino-European shipping network continues to evolve,forming a "pyramid" type hierarchical structure.Shanghai Port has gradually become a first-level hub port in the network,connecting a large number of secondary ports and branch ports in the network;at the same time,different ports in the network There are obvious differences in the breadth,depth and accessibility of route connections,of which 84% have increased port accessibility and a few ports along the Mediterranean and Arabian Sea have reduced accessibility.The transit port system of the China-Europe Shipping Network changed from a "V" to a "U".The core transit port was differentiated,transit nodes were gradually systematized,transit routes tended to be diversified,and network stability was enhanced.(3)The cross-regional association of the shipping network and the characteristics of the axis-spoke structure continue to strengthen.The axis-spoke spatial structure of the network has experienced three stages of "triangle","balanced dumbbell" and "unbalanced dumbbell".The network operation efficiency has been significantly improved,and the route links have become more diversified and complicated;the number of associations has gradually increased,and the difference in the scale of associations has gradually expanded,showing a trend of retreating from the north to the south. |
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