Research On Damage To Drivers From Different Side Impact Angles

As the number of cars in China increases,the number of traffic accidents caused by cars is also high.Among all types of collision accidents,side collision collision accidents not only have a high probability,but also cause damage to occupants far more than frontal collision accidents.According to the real side collision accidents in the National Vehicle Accident Investigation System(NAIS)database,the number of accidents with a collision angle of 60 ° to 120 ° exceeds the total number of side collision accidents by 60%.At present,domestic and foreign scholars conduct research on automobile side collisions based on standard automobile collision regulations,and the angles of collisions are all fixed at 90 °.Therefore,based on the investigation and analysis of the above research,the main research in this paper is the impact on the driver's occupant damage at a collision angle of 60 ° to 120 °.This paper divides the collision angle of 60 ° ~ 120 ° with 15 ° as the gradient,and divides the side collision angle into 60 °,75 °,90 °,105 ° and 120 ° five angles.The restraint systems that protect the driver's occupants under side collision conditions mainly include seat belts,side airbags,and air curtains.Therefore,this article divides whether the driver wears seat belts and whether the car is equipped with airbags into three restraint system conditions.In this paper,finite element software is used to create restraint systems such as seat belts,side airbags,and air curtains.The World SID 50 th male dummy is used to build a side impact finite element model.Study the damage of occupants under different collision angles,and the protection effect of different restraint systems on the same collision angle on occupants.In the research and analysis of occupant damage,body crashworthiness and occupant restraint system are two parts that cannot be isolated.Body crashworthiness directly affects the degree of occupant damage.According to the simulation analysis of different angles,the maximum deformation of the side structure,the stress cloud,the B-pillar and the intrusion of the left front door,it can be seen that with the increase of the collision angle,the main deformation area and stress concentration area of the side structure of the vehicle body are from the left front door to the left rear door mobile.The impact angles on the B-pillar and the maximum intrusion of the left front door from large to small are: 75 °,90 °,60 °,105 °,and 120 °.It can be inferred that the damage to the occupant basically increases first and then decreases as the collision angle increases.When the collision angle is 75 °,the driver's occupant is most seriously injured.In model one(without any seat belts,side airbags and air curtains): chest and pelvic injuries show a tendency to increase first and then decrease with increasing collision angle;abdominal injuries decrease with increasing collision angle;head injuries The collision angle increases sharply at 90 ° and 120 °.Abdominal and head injuries are not consistent with the intrusion of the left front door.The reason is that the interior parts at the left front door armrest deform and collapse to squeeze the abdomen of the dummy;the head of the dummy slightly collides with the window glass at 90 °;the head at 120 ° The acceleration in the x and y directions increases suddenly.After adding only the seat belt on the basis of the model 1,it was found that the seat belt had no obvious effect on the chest and abdomen injury of the dummy;it had a slight increase in the reverse direction of the pelvic injury;and both positive and negative effects on the head injury.After continuing to add side airbags and air curtains on the basis of Model 2,it was found that the damage effects of the dummy's head,chest,abdomen and pelvis were greatly reduced,and the injuries of all parts met the side impact regulations.