Research On Occupant Injury Protection Methods Of Car Side Impact

According to the statistics of the Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security,in December 2018,the number of domestic car ownership has reached 240 million,with an increase of about 11% over the previous year.The huge car ownership has caused serious social traffic safety problems.According to the World Health Organization survey,the number of people killed in traffic accidents in China has reached 200,000 per year,and the average number of deaths per day has reached 547,causing serious social property losses and casualties.Because the urban and rural roads in China are mainly at intersections,the number of side collision accidents is less than that of frontal collisions,while the strength of the side structure of the car is relatively low,and there is not enough buffer energy absorption space as in the front.The risk of injury and lethality is higher in side collisions than in frontal collisions.The risk of injury and death in side collision accident is higher than that of in frontal collision.As China's research on side impact occupant protection started late,recent years,in order to reduce the risk of injury of drivers and passengers in this type of traffic accident,the research on the safety protection of drivers and passengers in the side collision of cars has become another focus of research on passive safety of automobiles.This paper aims to evaluate the damage of drivers and passengers through the evaluation index of dummy damage performance stipulated in the standard of occupant protection for automobile side collisions.The finite element model and moving deformable barrier model established in the paper are used and verified.The effectiveness of the unconstrained system and the constrained system model is compared with the protection performance of the occupants and passengers.The effective occupant's injury protection measures are analyzed,and the simulation is carried out in the valid model.The result proves that the protection method is proposed.Based on a large number of researches on automobile collision safety literature,this paper compares the domestic and international collision regulations,standards and NCAP related content.After studying the basic theory of finite element LS-DYNA and multi-rigid mechanics MADYMO,the finite element model of moving deformable obstacle avoidance is established according to the requirements of China's side regulations.The finite element model of the vehicle side of the National Collision Safety Center of the United States is combined with standards and realities.The vehicle test data verified the effectiveness of the above two finite element models through computer simulation.Using the PSM substructure model method of multi-rigid dynamics software,the simulation model of local occupant restraint system is established.Combined with finite element and multi-rigid software,the simulation is based on the content of side collision regulations in China,and the damage performance value and standard value of the dummy are obtained.A comprehensive evaluation,using the PSM substructure model results proved to compensate for the slow and inaccurate finite element simulation operation.In view of the above model simulation results,the safety protection capability of the occupants and passengers is insufficient.It is proposed to increase the protection of the seat belt and airbag restraint system and explore the factors affecting the type of seat belt and the airbag protection performance.The research in this paper shows that from the simulation results of the side impact model,the vulnerable parts of the driver and passenger are the chest,abdomen and pelvis.Since the dummy's head is not in contact with the car interior,the occupant's head injury is not considered in this paper.In view of the above-mentioned dummy damage indicators exceeding the limits of the regulations,safety measures for the protection of the occupant's restraint system are adopted.By combining the use of the seat belts and the side airbags,the occupant damage can be effectively reduced,and the safety of the seat belt and the side airbags can be effectively protected.The influencing factors further reduce the occupant damage value far below the regulatory value,which proves the effect iveness of the proposed safety protection method and has certain guiding significance for the future side impact occupant safety research.