Research On Germplasm Resources And Selection Of Hybrid Combinations Of Eggplant(Solanum Melongena L.)

Germplasm are the basis material for breeding,China is the largest eggplant production and consumption country in the world which has the richest eggplant germplasm resources.It is necessary to use germplasm effectively to meet the variety needs of consumers and breeding.This experiment has collected 35 eggplant germplasm materials and statistically analyzed the field character.The main component analysis of eggplant traits has also been analyzed.We explored the genetic diversity and classification of these 35 eggplant germplasm materials by SRAP technology and selected 5 different fruit color of eggplants to compare the nutritional quality.Then,we choosed the nice inbred lines to do the hybrid test,and then the excellent cross combinations was selected for further facility cultivation.Finanly,hybrid combinations which were most suitable for the protected cultivation were selected.Our main results in this experiment are as follows:1.Field survey has been carried out to investigate the 18 traits of the collected 35 eggplant germplasm materials.The results showed that there were different degrees of diversity in different materials,variation ranged from 10.55%to 235.88%,leaf traits was the minimum and fruit characters was the maximum.SPSS 19.0 was used for principal component analysis,and the 6 principal components factors which had the characteristic values more than 1 were choosed.They were barbed factor,factor of fruit,leaf area factor,stem diameter factor,growth factor and shape factor.And the cumulative contribution rate was 75.863%.2.We analyzed the genetic diversity among the 35 eggplant germplasm materials by SRAP technique.12 pairs of primer combinations were selected out and had amplified 114 strands of DNA,among which 97 were different,and the polymorphism was 85.36%.Ntsys2.10e was used for cluster analysis,the 35 eggplant materials were divided into four classes in genetic similarity coefficients 0.874,and the classification results had certain correlation with the geographical origin.3.The nutritional quality of fruits was analyzed in peel and pulp of eggplants with 5 kinds of color.The results showed that the soluble sugar content and protein content was highest in varieties with purple,vitamin C and rutin was highest in varieties with white-green.Anthocyanin,flavonoids and total phenol content were highest in varieties with black purple.The significant positive correlation was observed between skin color and anthocyanin,flavonoids content.The significant positive correlation was observed between protein content and soluble sugar content.The rutin content was significantly negative related to the soluble sugar content,and was extremely negative related to vitamin C.Anthocyanin was significantly positively related to flavonoids and total phenol,and total phenol was significantly positive related to flavonoids.4.After the cross pairing test,the five selected excellent traits were used to do comparison test under facilities cultivation.Results showed that the pair ’5 x 16’ had the strong growth potential,big leaves,small dense and tender fruits,stripes on fruit surface,novel appearance,perfect commodity nature and good resistance.It can be used for further regional facilities test of new varieties.