Utiliazation Differences And Mechanism Research Of Aleurites Montana From Various Provenances

The four-year Aleurites montana from eight provenances of Fujian has been studied on.The utilization differences among these various provenances could be judged after determining the content of leaf nitrogen,hydrolysable nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen.The relevance between nitrogen content with each evaluation indicator of Aleontana from various provenances and the index of LMA(leaf mass per area),SPAD(soil and plant analyzer development),NR(nitrate reductase),GS(glutamine synthase),chlorophyll fluorescence parameters including Fo,Fm,Fv,Fs,Fv/Fo,Fv/F2,NPQ,Yield were analyzed.Using differences and mechanism of Aleurites montana from eight provenances combined with modified projection pursuit(MSM-PP)were discussed in order to screening the high efficiency of nitrogen utilization and providing theoretical basis for developing of Aleurites montana in biomass energy.Among various provenances of Aleurites Montanaa,Youxi had highest content of leaf nitrogen,and then was Putian and Zhenghe,Youxi appeared 38.29%more than the lowest provenance,Jianyang;The average content of leaf nitrogen was 34.81gram per kilogram which was respectively lower than Youxi,Putian,Zhenghe 21.71%,11.12%,5.59%;The content of leaf nitrogen from high to low was:Youxi>Putian>Zhenghe>Shanxian>Shunchan>Xushi>Lvkou>Jianyang,among various provenances there was not appeared extremely significant difference in content of leaf nitrogen.The highest content of hydrolysable nitrogen in average content of three levels was Shunchan,which was higher than Lvkou 73.46%;The average content of hydrolysable nitrogen was 3 respectively lower than Shunchan,Youxi,Putian,44.83%,32.72%,28.09%;The content of hydrolysable nitrogen from high to low was:Shunchan>Youxi>Putian>Zhenghe>Jianyang>Shanxian>Xushi>Lvkou.Among these various provenances of Aleurites Montana,hydrolysable nitrogen in 10-20cm,20-30cm displayed significant difference.The highest content of ammonium nitrogen in average content of three levels was Xushi,which was higher than Lvkou 52.38%;The content from high to low was:Xushi>Jianyang>Shanxian>Shunchan>Putian>Youxi>Zhenghe>Lvkou.Among various provenances there was not appeared significant difference in ammonium nitrogen.The content of nitrate nitrogen from high to low in three levels was:Xushi>Putian>Youxi>Zhenghe>Jianyang>Lvkou>Shunchan>Shanxian,which was turn out to be significant difference.Among various provenances of Aleurites Montana,the content of hydrolysable nitrogen was significantly greater then ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen was much more then nitrate nitrogen in the meantime,the spatial heterogeneity has been displayed:hydrolysable nitrogen was decreasing gradually along with increasing of soil layer while ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen were increasing.Among various provenances of Aleurites Montana,the biggest amount of LMA was Lvkou,which was22.695%higher than Youxi;Lvkou,Xushi,Jianyang,were higher than the average among of eight provenances,LMA from high to low was:Lvkou>Xushi>Jianyang>Putian>Shunchan>Zhenghei>Shanxian>Youx;the difference between Lvkou and Shaxian was very significant;Among various provenances,the content of leaf nitrogen,hydrolysable nitrogen and LMA respectively showed very notable negative correlation(-0.725**,0.569**),meanwhile,ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen appeared closely correlation.The average of SPAD in various provenances of Aleurites Montana was 19.36,which was inferior to Youxi and Shunchan,but compared with Lvkou was exceed by 20.12%.The difference was not significant among all the provenance;Leaf nitrogen content and SPAD value correlation was significant(0.688*);Close correlation(0.826**)existed between SPAD and hydrolysable nitrogen,but only-0.197?-0.219 separately to ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen.Among eight provenances,the difference of NR activity was extremely significant(P<0.01),the largest activity was Youxi,the second was Shaxian and Putian,Xushi was lower than average by 97.54%.The difference of GS activity was no significant,the largest activity was Youxi,the second was Shaxian and Putian,Youxi was higher than average by 71.79 but Xushi was lower by 74.82%.NR?GS activity had extreme-marked correlation with Leaf and hydrolysable nitrogen respectively,but ammonium and nitrate nitrogen appeared closely correlation.Fo?Fm?Fv?Fs of Youxi were 170.333?505.833?335.500?151.500 separately,which all higher than the mean value,especially much higher by 12.13%?26.10%?33.18%?25.20%than Xushi.The largest value of Fo was Zhenhe,second was Youxi and Shunchan,as to Fm and Fv,the order was:Youxi>Jianyang>Shaxian.Shuanchan reached highest level of Fs.The mean value of Fv/Fo Among eight provenances was 1.627,the range of Fv/Fm was from 0.497 to 0.660.Youxi,Shaxian,and Jianyang had significant value in Fv/Fo,Fv/Fm,but Xushi,Shuncahn,Zhenhe all expressed low level than average.As to Yield,Jianyang were 58.19%more than Shanxian,the value of Yield from high to low was:Jianyang>Zhenghe>Lvkou>Xushi>Putian>Shunchan>Youx>Shanxian;NPQ reached extremely significant differences among various provenances,the leaf nitrogen content reached significant positive correlation with the fluorescence parameter,hydrolysable nitrogen with Yield,nitrate nitrogen with NPQ both appeared significant positive correlation,the phenomena showed that:the content of nitrogen and photosynthetic performance existed accurate consistency.Leaf characters in Aleurites Montana among various provenances,such as LMA,SPAD,NR,GS,and photosynthetic performance presented significant or extremely significant correlation,LMA reached significant correlation with NR,SPAD(-6.637,-0.605**);SPAD reached significant positive correlation with NR,GS,NPQ severally(0.653,0.759,-0.427**);meanwhile,Fv/Fo and Fv/Fm presented extremely significant correlation(0.987**);The others indexes also expressed interactions,NR with GS,Fv/Fo,Fv/Fm was respectively 0.867,0.655,0.583,GS with Fv/Fo and Fv/Fm was 0.558,0.444.A method of modified projection pursuit(MSM-PP)was employed,the results showed that:the maximum of projection values was Youxi,1.7433,the minimum was Xushi and Zhenhe,which were 0.6988 and 0.2175 respectively.The value of projection from high to low was:Youxi>Jianyang>Shaxian>Lvkou>Putian>Shunchan>Xushi>Zhenghe.The results indicated that:there was no significant difference in nitrogen utilization among eight provenances;Composite clustering synthesis analysis,projection pursuit and score of principal component analysis were considered,the highest efficiency of nitrogen utilization was Youxi,and lowest was Xushi.;Each evaluation index like LMA,SPAD,NR,GS,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and leaf nitrogen,hydrolysable nitrogen did presented significant or extremely significant correlation,ammonium and nitrate nitrogen were independent;LMA,SPAD,NR,GS and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were favorable indexes to screen the high efficiency of nitrogen utilization.