| Dairy mastitis is one of the most frequent and common diseases in the farms,which seriously hinders the development of dairy industry and causes huge financial loss.During the period of mastitis treatment,antibiotics as main medicine not only make pathogenic microorganism resistant,but also causes antibiotic residues in milk and bring about hidden danger in the public health.Thus,the new effective treatment is urgent to produce.Chinse herb medicine used to the cattle mastitis has a long history in our country.In recent years,preventing diseases via separation of natural ingredients in Chinese herbs has been received more and more attention.As a treasure of Chinese civilization,traditional Chinese medicine has been handed down for thousands of years and has great potential for research and development due to its advantages of small toxic side effects,low cost and many therapeutic targets.This study is based on the epidemiological investigation of recessive mastitis in Baicheng City and the analysis of drug resistance of major pathogenic bacteria.Firstly,we did the epidemiological investigation of the incidence of cattle subclinical mastitis in Baicheng City,Jilin Province.We selected representative four dairy farms using CMT method,and analyzed the incidence rules and main causes of subclinical mastitis in this area.As the results shown,the average incidence of dairy subclinical mastitis in this region was 38.17%.In summer,all of the incidence rates were over 40%.Thus,the cattle subclinical mastitis was related to seasons.The incidence of 4 dairy farms were 30.96%,36.54%,38.91%,46.27%,respectively.Bed facilities or TMR-fed management can decline the incidence rate of cattle recessive mastitis.Thus,the different feeding and management levels of different dairy farms can also lead to different rates of recessive mastitis.The incidence of recessive mastitis from the firstborn to the seventh born or more were 32.58%,36.72%,43.43%,47.52%,54.98%,67.89% and 73.44%,respectively.Thus,following the parity and age increasing,the incidence of subclinical mastitis also raised with positively correlated.Then,we randomly chose 50 milk samples collected to isolate and identify the pathogenic microorganism via PCR,in order to understand the main pathogens leading to the subclinical mastitis in this area.As the results shown,there were Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Streptococcus agalactiae,Streptococcus dysgalactiae and Streptococcus uberis,accounting for 54%,26%,34%,2%,14%,respectively.Thus,the most common pathogen in this area is Staphylococcus aureus.Subsequently,the isolated Staphylococcus aureus were done susceptibility test to know the resistance of mainstream antibiotics,and analyze the antibiotics use in treatment process in this region,which could guide future medication.As the results shown,S.aureus is completely resistant to penicillin and ampicillin,highly resistant to erythromycin,streptomycin,clindamycin and kanamycin,but highly sensitive to doxycycline,tetracycline,vancomycin and novobiocin rifampin.It is suggested that penicillin and ampicillin should be avoided during the treatment of mastitis in dairy cows,and that antibiotics with better antibacterial effects such as doxycycline,tetracycline and novobiocin can be used rationally.Finally,for Staphylococcus aureus,berberine,emodin and baicalin were used as in vitro antibacterial tests to determine the bacteriostatic effect of these three herbs against the pathogenic bacteria in this region.In the future,it will provide theoretical basis and reference value for the treatment of cattle subclinical mastitis.As the results shown,berberine minimum inhibitory concentration was from 0.16mg/ml to 2.5mg/ml,average MIC was 0.795mg/ml and 62.96% samples MIC was 0.16mg/ml,The average MIC of emodin and baicalin were 2.164mg/ml and 4.676mg/ml,respectively,which antibacterial effects were not as good as berberine.Thus,berberine among the three monomers had the best antibacterial effect on S.aureus.To sum up,cattle recessive mastitis in this area mostly presents in summer,and the incidence increases with rising parity.Farming management with bed-based facilities can reduce the incidence of recessive mastitis.S.aureus as the main factor that causes cattle recessive mastitis in this region has been severely resistant to antibiotic such as penicillin and ampicillin.In the future treatment,tetracycline,doxycycline,novobiocin and other antibiotics with strong sensitivity should be used as far as possible.Berberine as a kind of traditional Chinese herb has good antibacterial effect,which can provide reference for future clinical use of drugs,reduce the abuse of antibiotics,and have a great significance to the public health. |
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