Effects On Fruit Morphology And Physiological Characteristics Of Fruit Cracking In Ziziphus Jujuba Mill.'Huping Zao' Treated By CaCl₂

Calcium plays a key role in the growth and development of jujuba,and plays an important role in the prevention and cure of jujuba fruit.In this paper,Ziziphus jujuba Mill.'Huping zao'was used as the experimental material in Jinzhong city,Shanxi Province Taigu County.CaCl2 solution was used to treat the different concentrations and different times of jujuba.The different concentrations was 0.003g/ml,0.002g/ml.The different times was 2 times,4 times,6 times.After each spraying treatment,the physiological indexes and the morphology indexes were measured.The effects of different times and different concentrations of calcium preparation on the indexes were analyzed.In order to clarify the relationship between calcium and jujuba fruit and its physiological mechanism,the best Inorganic calcium preparations CaCl2 concentration and the number of spraying can be screened out to reduce the fruit cracking rate of jujuba fruit.And provided theoretical basis and technical support for the prevention and cure of fruit juice.The conclusion as follows:(1)The CaCl2 solution(0.003g/ml,0.002g/ml.)could significantly reduced the fruit cracking rate of the jujuba fruit.And the lowest fruit cracking rate was that CaCl2 solution with 0.003g/ml and 6 times,it was 14.37%.The CaCl2 solution with 0.002g/ml and 6 times was 18.90%,the control group was 32.14%.(2)Different times and concentrations to spray CaCl2 solution could increase the fruit weight and fruit hardness of jujuba fruit,and reduce the water content of jujuba fruit.And the results showed that the fruit weight and the fruit hardness were higher than those of the control group,and the fruit water content of the fruit was lower than that of the control group after sprayed CaCl2 solution.The fruit cracking rate was significantly negatively correlated with the fruit weight and fruit hardness.And the fruit cracking rate was very significant positive correlation with fruit water content,the correlation index were-0.978,-0.951,0.978.In addition,the fruit index of the different treatments was not reach a significant level between the control group.(3)After soak induced crack treatment,the hours of cracking rate CaCl2 solution with 0.003g/ml the peak of fruit cracking was late and and peaked was small compared with 0.002g/ml,but both below the control group.And from the cumulative fruit rate,the 4h immersion on jujuba fruit will cause serious cracking fruit problem,the highest cumulative fruit rate at 9h were CK,the lowest cumulative fruit rate was 0.003g/ml and 6 times July 24 and August 17 treatment of jujuba water absorption at 7h,8h tend to be stable.The water absorption of the jujuba fruit after CaCl2 solution treatment was significantly different from that of the control group.The results showed that the lowest water absorption was 0.003g/ml and 6 times,The soaking time and the rate of the fruit were determined.The upper part of the fruit was the sensitive part of the fruit cracking.(4)Compared with the control group,the jujuba fruit after CaCl2 solution treatment had the number of epidermal and sub-epidermal cells was larger than that of the control group,and the thickness of the stratum corneum was large,the thickness of the exocarp was large and the pulp cavity was small.Among them 0.003g/ml of CaCl2 solution compared with the control group was most obvious.And the secondly was 0.002g/ml of CaCl2 solution.And the difference between 0.003g/ml and 6 times and control group was significant.After the CaCl2 solution of 0.003g/ml,0.002g/ml of CaCl2 solution and the control group,the cells gradually increased and the number of cells increased,and the arrangement was more closely.There was a significant negative correlation between the number of epidermal cells,the number of subcellular cell layers,the thickness of stratum corneum and the thickness of exocarp,and the correlation.The Jujuba fruit rate and its correlation index were-0.942?-0.940?-0.906?-0.977.There was a significant correlation between flesh cavity size and fruit cracking,and the correlation index was 0.968.In addition,the fruit cracking was negatively correlated with the size of flesh cells,but the result was not significant.(5)After different times and concentrations of CaCl2 solution,The stomatal opening and stomatal size of jujuba fruit and leaf showed an increasing trend,And 300 times of CaC12 solution stomatal opening and stomatal size were higher than 500 times of CaCl2 solution and the control group.The results showed that the lowest stomatal opening and stomatal size of jujuba fruit was the control group and the highest was A3.The stomatal density of jujuba fruit and leaf were significantly lower than the control group.The stomatal density of the control group was the highest,and the difference was significant.The fruit cracking has a significant negative correlation between leaf stomatal opening,leaf stomatal size,leaf stomatal density and jujuba fruit stomatal opening.The Jujuba fruit rate and its correlation index were-0.922,-0.920,-0.899,-0.976.There was a significant positive correlation between fruit stomatal size and fruit stomatal density between the fruit cracking.And the related index for fruit stomatal density and fruit stomatal density were 0.973 and 0.951,respectively.So ultimately 0.003g/ml CaC12 solution treatment was selected.Besides,the most suitable spraying times 6 times could significantly reduce the fruit cracking rate of jujuba fruit.