Affinity And Differences Of Blade Stomatal And Pericarp Essential Oil In Different Kumquat Varieties

Kumquat fruit was sweet and refreshing,aromatic overflowing,but also had the effect of relieve cough,promote digestion.More and more people love it.In recent years,with continuous selection of agricultural workers,kumquat varieties had become more and more abundant.The rich varieties of kumquats were important for enriching the market and maintaining the stability of the kumquat ecosystem.In this study,we used Rongan kumquats、Huapi kumquats、Cuimi Kumquats、Yangshuo Kumquats、Suichuan kumquats,Guijingan No.1Kumquats and Guijingan No.2 Kumquats as experimental materials,through ploidy analysis,molecular markers,leaf stomata observation,peel oil analysis to Compare the differences and affinities between the seven kumquats,which was Prepared for species optimization and application.The specific findings were as follows.(1)With the known diploid Rongan kumquat as a reference,Cuimi kumquat was measured as tetraploid.Tetraploids had the characteristics of big fruit,strong branch and so on,which were consistent with the phenotype of the Cuimi kumquat which was measured by GaoXing.(2)Through molecular marker and cluster analysis,it could be concluded that the kinship between the Suichuan kumquat and other several kumquats is the farthest;the kinship between the Huapi kumquats and Cuimi kumquats was closer;the kinship between the Rongan kumquats and Guijingan No.1 kumquats was closer;the kinship between the Yangshuo kumquats and Guijingan No.2 kumquats was closer.(3)Stomatal density,size and opening degree affected the transpiration,respiration and growth of the plant.The experimental results show that Rongan’s pore density was the smallest,the area was larger,and the opening was moderate;The Huapi’s pore density was relatively large,the area was moderate,and the opening was large;The Cuimi’s pore density was largest,the area was larger,and the opening area was moderate;The Yangshuo’s pore density was smaller,the area was smaller,and the opening area was the largest;The Suichuan kumquats had a relatively large stomata density and a large area,and the opening area was second only to Yangshuo kumquat.The Guijingan No.1 kumquats had a higher stomatal density,a smaller area,and a smaller opening area.Guijingan No.2 kumquats has a small stomatal density,the largest area,and the smallest open area.The result of principal component analysis based on the stomatal state is inconsistent with the results of molecular markers and essential oil’s principal component analysis.(4)Through headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),185 species of essential oils were detected in seven varieties of kumquats,including 104 hydrocarbons,27 alcohols,19 esters,17 ketones,10 aldehydes,2 phenols,2 ethers,2 acids,and 4 others.Among them,83 species were detected in Huapi kumquats,the second was Suichuan kumquats(65 species),Rongan kumquats(57 species),Guijingan No.2 kumquats(56 species),and Guijingan No.l kumquats(53 species),Yangshuo kumquats(34 species),Cuimi kumquats(33 species).The most abundant was d-limonene with an average content of 79%.Based on the principal component analysis of the essential oil composition,the relative affinities of several different kumquats were determined,and the results were consistent with the molecular markers.