Research And Experiment Of Orchard Organic Fertilizer Rotary Cutting And Adjustable Depth Fertilizing Machine

Fertilization is an important part of garden management.The fertilization of orchards plays a decisive role in improving the yield of fruit trees and the quality of fruit.At present,the orchard fertilization machinery that appeared on the market basically is about granular fertilizer or chemical fertilizer.However,as for the organic fertilizers such as manure,the way of fertilizing is still mechanical ditching and artificial fertilization,lack of orchard organic fertilizer applicator in digging,fertilization,soil cover in one.In view of this situation,this paper carries on the research of the orchard organic fertilizing machine with rotary cut and adjustable depth.The main research contents are as follows.According to the requirement of orchard fertilizing techniques,the orchard organic fertilizer rotary cut and adjustable depth fertilizing machine was designed.The paper introduced the fertilizing machine’s structure and working principle,and showed some key parts’ theoretical analysis and design,including rotary cutting mechanism,chain transmission box,frame,fertilizer box and fertilizer applicator.After kinematics analysis of the blade on the rotary cutting mechanism,we obtained the trajectory equation of the blade.Through the mechanical analysis of the cutter shaft in the rotary cutting mechanism,the operation depth and the rotation speed of the cutter are the main factors that influence the force of the cutter shaft.The ADAMS simulation software was used to simulate the three-dimensional model of the orchard organic fertilizing machine with rotary cut and adjustable depth established by Pro/E,and then conducted the modal analysis of the rack and the static stability of the chain transmission case by the ANSYS finite element analysis software.Finally,we tested and measured the depth and width of fertilizer stability,rate of soil pulverization and uniformity coefficient of fertilizer distribution.The results of ADAMS virtual simulation analysis are as follows: when the maximum working depth,the difference error of front and back tool nose between theoretical analysis and simulated analysis is 1%;the overlap of tool nose’ trajectory between theoretical analysis and simulated analysis is 2.7%;the maximum working depth can reach 40 cm.The results of ANSYS finite element analysis show that the first order natural frequency of the frame and chain transmission box is 40.594 Hz and248.33 Hz,which is far higher the operating frequency of the machine 4.15 Hz,which meets dynamic stability of the machine’s design requirements.The static analysis result of chain transmission box is12.15 mpa,which meets the design requirements of strength.The results of the soil bin test indicate that the minimum of the fertilization depth can reach 19.6cm,and the maximum of fertilization depth can reach up to 40 cm,the fertilization width is 43.85 cm.Besides,the stability of both that in depth and width is respectively 95.8% and 97.85% and the rate of soil pulverization is 65.59% to 78.27%,together with variation coefficient of the uniformity of fertilizer distribution ranging from 22.80% to 34.26%.Additionally,this paper conducts an orthogonal experiment by taking the forward speed,the rotate speed as well as the depth of fertilization as thefactors,and tests their influence on the power,the uniformity coefficient of fertilizer distribution and the rate of soil pulverization.It is known from the experiment that all the factors do make influence on those three indices.Last but not least,we have scored integrally three indices above and then obtains the optimal solution in which the forward speed is 0.1 m/s,the rotate speed is 250 r/min,and the depth of fertilization is 20 cm.Similarly,the results of the field trial are as follows: the minimum of the fertilization depth can reach 19.4 cm,and the maximum of fertilization depth can also reach up to 40 cm,the fertilization width is 44.4 cm.In addition,the stability of both that in depth and width is respectively 94.9% and 97.05% and the rate of soil pulverization is 73.03%.Apart from that,the uniformity difference coefficient of soil and fertilizer is 29.76%.The orchard organic fertilizing machine with rotary cut and adjustable depth can not only complete the mechanized fertilization of organic fertilizer,can also be adjusted fertilizing depth as needed,which solved the problem that it cannot set clefts,fertilization,turns the soil in the integration of mechanized fertilization.