| China's straw resources are abundant,but the utilization rate is very low.Part of the burning of corn stalks has caused serious environmental pollution.The sound circulation of agricultural production is the need for the development of modern agriculture.With the rapid development of our economy,the increasing of people's living standards and the attention to the health of the people,the demand for high grade beef has increased greatly.Full mixed fermentation diet(TMF)is one of the effective ways to solve the above problems.In this experiment.the effects of TMF on the growth performance,blood index and slaughter performance of Yanbian yellow cattle were studied,and the theoretical basis for the production of high quality Yanbian yellow cattle was provided for the production of TMF.The experiment selected 12 Yanbian cattle castrated bulls with good body condition,healthy and no disease,and 18 month old Yanbian beef cattle castrated with blood ties was used as the research object.The group treated as the control group(TMR)and the test group(TMF)for a period of 12 months.The results showed that:Experiment one:Effect of TMF on rumen liquid fermentation characteristics and ruminal degradation rate of Yanbian yellow cattle.1.The changes of PH in gastric juice:in vitro culture,6 h,the PH of contrl group was significantly higher than the experimental group(P<0.05),and the experimental group and the test group had no significant effect on PH(P>0.05).2.The change of NH3-N in rumen fluid:in vitro culture 1,3,6,9 and 12h had no significant effect on NH3-N content(P>0.05).3.The change of VFA in the gastric juice:the control group and the experimental group has no significant difference in VFA,but the content of butyric acid in the control group was significantly higher than the test group(P<0.05)in the control group(P<0.05).The content of butyric acid in the control group was the highest,significantly higher than that of the test group(P<0.05),while the control group was significantly higher than the test group(P<0.05).The change of rumen fluid production volume:3H and 12h,the gas production in the control group was higher than that in the experimental group,and the difference was significant(P<0.05).4.The changes in the output of H2,CH4 and CO2 in the gastric juice:3h,H2 production in the gastric juice of the control group was significantly higher than that of the experimental group(P<0.05).When 12h,the output of H2 in the gastric juice of the control group was significantly higher than that of the experimental group(P<0.05).At 1,the output of CH4 of the tumor gastric juice in the control group was significantly lower than that of the experimental group(P<0.05).The output of the tumor gastric juice in the control group was significantly lower than that of the experimental group(0.05),but at the time of the control group,the rumen was in the control group.The output of liquid CH4 in the control group was significantly higher than that in the experimental group(P<0.05).At 1h,the output of CO2 in the tumor gastric juice of the control group was significantly higher than that of the experimental group(P<0.05).At 6h,the CO2 production of the tumor gastric juice in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the output of CO2 in the tumor gastric juice was significantly higher in the control group than that in the experimental group(P<0.05).5.The change of rumen degradation rate:in vivo degradation rate was Oh,4h,8h,24h and 48h,the control group was significantly lower than that of the experimtal group(P<0.05).Experiment two:Effects of TMF on growth performance and blood indexes of Yanbian yellow cattle.1.Body weight change:the control group and the experimental group were in the same weight change trend,the test initial weight(18 month old)has no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(P>0.05),the control group was higher than the experimental group;22 months of age,the test group and the experimental group has no significant difference between from each other(P>0.05);26 months of age,the control group was significantly different from the experimental group(P<0.05),at the end of the experiment(30 month old),the difference between the experimental group and the control group was significant(P<0.05).In the average daily gain,the control group and the experimental group had significant difference from each other(P<0.05).As for the feed conversion rate,the control group and the experimental group were significantly different from each other.(P<0.05).2.18 months of age(early test)to 30 months old(end of test),there was no significant difference between the control group and the experimental group(P>0.05)in the chest width,chest depth,width of the sciatic bone and the waist angle.18 month old(early test)to 26 month old,there was no significant difference between the control group and the experimental group(P>0.05);30 month old(end of test).There was a significant difference in body length and chest circumference between the control group and the experimental group(P<0.05).3.Changes in blood indexes:GLU,IgG and IL-6 in the control group were significantly lower than those in the experimental group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in IGF-1,COR,GH,ALP,ALT,AST,LDL-CH,HDL-CH,CHOL,TG,TNF-alpha,and ALB.Experiment three:Effect of TMF on slaughter performance and meat quality of Yanbian yellow cattle.1.The change of fat thickness,eye muscle thickness and eye area:18 months old(early test)to 26 month old,the experimental group have no significant difference between them.(P>0.05);30 month old,the control group was significantly different from the experimental group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the fat thickness and the thickness of the lumbar muscle in the two groups(P>0.05),30 month old(the end of test).The thickness of the fat and the thickness of the lumbar muscles in the control group were all lower than those in the experimental group,but the control group was lower than that in the experimental group,and the trend of increment was basically the same.2.The change of slaughter performance:The experimental group was significantly higher than the control group before slaughter(P<0.05),the carcass production rate of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the rate of net meat in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).In the experimental group(P<0.05),the bone weight and fat weight in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).3.Changes in general nutrition and meat quality:At the end of the experiment,the contents of crude fat and myofibrillar fragmentation index(MFI)in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),The shear force of the test group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in other general nutritional components and meat quality indexes(P>0.05).4.Changes in fatty acids and amino acid:stearic acid and oleic acid contents in the trial group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),methionine contents in the trial group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Through the above test results,we know that TMF has a significant promoting effect on growth performance and slaughter performance of Yanbian yellow cattle,and can significantly improve the rumen degradability.Therefore,TMF can be applied to the production of Yanbian cattle in combination with the reality of Yanbian. |
PDF Full Text Request