| Cassava(Manihot esucculenta Crantz),other famous sweet potatoes,sweet potatoes and sweet potatoes,is a Manihot plant of Euphorbiaceae.Polyploidy breeding of crops is one of the important methods of breeding,especially using cassava root for harvest products,cultivate polyploid varieties,and its general plant,compared to the original times sex organs also increase resistance,starch content also relatively improve at the same time.At present,batch immersion bioreactor(TIBS)has been widely used in plant tissue culture and propagation,while cassava polyploid breeding has been rarely reported.In order to explore more traditional cassava polyploid induction method and the use of intermittent immersion bioreactor(TIBS)cassava polyploid induction effect,this thesis using GR891 and south China 6 cassava varieties as materials,the use of colchicine and TIBS system combining with the cassava polyploid induction,and at the same time to soak method and field plant bud daub method for comparison,and induction of polyploidy variants materials and their parents were chromosome identification and determination of physiological index such as cellular anatomy.The main results of the test are as follows:1.In the induction of TIBS system,when colchicine concentration was 0.1 g/L,the mutation rate was the highest at 4 days after 20min/h treatment,and the induction rate of cassava GR891 was 23.33%.South China no.6 had the highest mutation rate at concentration of 0.05g/L,which was 20%.At 10min/h,colchicine concentration was 0.05g/L for 4 days,and the mutagenicity rate of no.6 in south China and cassava GR891 was the highest,at 26.66%.The maximum induction rate of cassava polyploid was obtained by soaking,and the optimum concentration was 0.1%colchicine for 48 hours,which was 16.67%.In this experiment,the TIBS method induced the appropriate concentration of two cassava varieties between 0.05g/L and 0.1 g/L for four days.2.Using the immersion method to induce the cassava polyploid,the most timely and the optimum concentration was induced by the 0.1%concentration of colchicine for 48 hours to get the maximum induction rate.When the TIBS system was induced,when the concentration of colchicine was 0.1 g/L,the mutagenesis rate was the highest at 20min/h,and the maximum induction rate of cassava GR891 was 23.33%.The mutagenesis rate was the highest in south China 6 at 0.05g/L,which was 20%.In the 10min/h time,the concentration of narcissus was 0.05g/L for 4 days,and the mutagenesis rate of 6 and cassava GR891 in south China was the highest,26.66%.Compared with the diploid morphology of the field plant and tissue culture,both of them found that the leaves of the polyploid plant were darker,the leaf was broad and the leaf type was smaller than the diploid.Comparing cassava stem and potato block color in cassava harvest time,there is no difference between them.The biggest difference between the two is the leaves.3.Anatomical contrast between polyploid and diploid plant leaves:the protective cell size of polyploid,containing more chloroplasts than diploid.Stomatal density is less than diploid.According to the results of cross-sectional anatomy,the polyploid palisade tissue,spongy tissue,upper and lower epidermis,and leaf thickness were longer than diploid,and the two were significantly different.4.The content of chlorophyll content and chlorophyll content of polyploid plant were significantly different than that of diploid.The photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of polyploid in the determination of photosynthetic characteristics in the field,the stomatal rate was higher than that of diploid,and the change of C02 concentration in the cell was not obvious.5.The yield comparison survey showed no significant difference in the yield index of the two,and the starch content of the root of cassava root change significantly.The starch content of tuber root of polyploid plant no.6 in south China was 13.2%higher than that of diploid plant.The GR891 variety,by contrast,declined 7.6%. |
PDF Full Text Request