Study On Coupling Effect Of Water And Fertilizer On Spring Wheat In HEXI Corridor Under The Conditions Of Entry Of Small-scale Sprinkler Irrigation Machine

In HEXI Corridor region,there exist a lot of serious problems,such as sprinkler irrigation technology with low awareness at that area,few research reports about sprinkler irrigation,low utilization rate of small water source,and arable land distribution being not concentrated,etc.So,the local irrigation and fertilization pattern?surface irrigation?was used to be a contrast with light and small sprinkler irrigation system that was self-made.The sprinkler irrigation and fertilization experiments with spring wheat were conducted at YONGCHANG county,JINGCHANG city,GANSU province.The sprinkler experiments set irrigation and fertilization two variables,and every variable consisted of three levels,so there was a total of 10 treatments,moreover,the three irrigation levels was180,255,330mm and the fertilization levels was 187.5,225,337.5kg·hm^-2.Among them,in order to eliminate the experimental error,three re-sampling points were set for determination of nitrate nitrogen in each treatment plot,five re-sampling points were set for soil moisture,and five repetitive sampling points for yield and its constituent elements were set.The main research contents of this article could be summarized as follows:the effects of sprinkler irrigation and fertilization amount on the movement low of soil water and Nitrate Nitrogen at before and after irrigation;the effects of sprinkler irrigation and fertilization amount on the growth and development of spring wheat in the whole growth period;and the effects of sprinkler irrigation and fertilization amount on yield and its constituent factors at harvest period;conducting a regression analysis about the relationship between irrigation and fertilization amount and spring wheat yield in the end.The experimental research results shows that after sprinkler irrigation in HEXI Corridor region,the distribution of soil moisture of each layer is relatively uniform,and the irrigation water distributed mainly in the 0-40cm soil layer,however,there is more soil moisture infiltration to 80cm or less after the surface irrigation;according to monitor the dynamics of soil moisture before and after seven days,we find that the movement of soil moisture after sprinkler irrigation has obvious characteristics of unsaturated water movement,while the movement of soil moisture after surface irrigation belongs to the characteristics of saturated water movement;in addition,when the sprinkler irrigation quota is between45 and 60 mm,soil moisture mainly distributes in the active layer of the main root,conversely,after the surface irrigation,there is more water infiltrating to below the main root activity layers.Additionally,we can also find that temporal and spatial distribution of soil nitrate-nitrogen content under sprinkler irrigation shows a very good correlation with irrigation and fertilization amount;according to the formulated experimental irrigation and fertilization levels,the fertilization level could affect NO₃-N content of soil profile obviously,but the effects of irrigation level is not significant;during spring wheat growth period,the phenomenon that NO₃-N accumulating in soil is mainly caused by excessive fertilization,yet the different irrigation method and irrigation levels are the reasons whether NO₃-N could reach deeper soil layers with soil moisture.The last one,spring wheat yield and its components are very sensitive to the changes of sprinkler irrigation levels,but insensitive to changes of fertilization levels;based on the fitting equation between yield and sprinkler irrigation and fertilizer amount,and WUE of spring wheat under different treatments,the medium level of sprinkler irrigation and fertilization has the effects on increasing yield and improving efficiency.The results of the study prove that sprinkler irrigation technology in this area could be introduced and apply,at the same time,also enrich the new technology for the development of water-saving agriculture in the region.What has been done in this research provides a certain theoretical basis for introduction and development of sprinkler irrigation technology in the HEXI Corridor area indeed.