Study On Genetics Of Flower Pigment In Camellia

Camellia is a traditional ornamental plant in China.Breeding more colorful and rich camellia is the focus of camellia breeding work.However,the research related to Camellia color pigments is still in its infancy,and detailed studies on camellia color pigments are still rare.Therefore,we do this research to explore the releationship between camellia color and content of pigments,the genetic variation of anthocyanidins,the purpose of camellia color breeding,and the development of camellia related products.In this study,the ‘CIELAB' system was used to determine the flower in different color of Camellia samples,UV-visible full band scanning method was used to classify the pigments in Camellia petals.Ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-QTOF-MSE)and high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)methods were used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the flavones and anthocyanins in Camellia samples to determine the pigment composition of Camellia japonica(C.japonica)varieties with white,yellow,red,purple,black color flowers,bud mutations,hybrids,Camellia azalea(C.azalea),species of Sect.Chrysantha Chang,study the different among the different stages and parts of C.azalea and Camellia chuangtsoensis(C.chuangtsoensis),explore the genetic variation of the pigments in the petals of C.azalea and its hybrids,budding varietal cultivars of C.japonica ‘Chidan',and provide a theoretical basis for improving the accuracy of crossbreeding of Camellia and the development and utilization of Camellia natural products.And the following conclusions are obtained:(1)Flavonionds were the main pigment of Camellia samples.There was no anthocyanin in C.japonica with white or yellow flower.The main pigments in red,pink,purple,and black C.japonica varieties were anthocyanins and its glycosides.The main flavones are rutin,quercetin 7-O-glucoside and quercetin 3-O-glucoside.The main anthocyanins are cyanidin 3-O-glucoside(Cy3G)and cyanidin 3-O-(2-O-?-xylopyrylose)-?-glucoside(Cy3GX).The main flavonoids in species' petal of Sect.Chrysantha Chang were flavones.The petals which had reddish and golden part at the same time showed a small amount of cyanidin anthocyanins.Pelargonidin 3-O-glucose was detected in C.nitidissima for the first time.(2)Cy3G is the major anthocyanin component in the cross population of C.azalea as male parent.The total anthocyanin content in the petals of hybrids was related to the content of Cy3 G in the parental petals.The hybrids' flower also contained a higher proportion of cyanidin 3-O-(6-O-(E)-p-coumaryl)-?-glucoside(Cy3GEp C)than the parents which had none in them.(3)In serie of C.japonica ‘Chidan' bud varieties,the pigments were basically the same.The white variety contained no anthocyanin,but Cy3 G was the main compound in pink and red varieties.There was a positive correlation between the redness of petal and the total anthocyanin content.Through the above studies,the main pigment species and detailed components in white,yellow,red,purple,black C.japonica varieties and speices of Sect.Chrysantha Chang were flavonoids.And the hybrids using C.azalea as male parent,the anthocyanins in the petals of C.japonica 'Chidan' bud varieties were explored.The law of genetic variation provides a theoretical basis for improving the accuracy of crossbreeding of Camellia in actual production and the development and utilization of Camellia natural products.