The Selection Of Organic Wastes As Substrate For Cucumber Seedling

With the development of the industrialized nursery industry,the peat resources have been continuously reduced and the prices have been rising year by year.Moreover,excessive exploitation of peat has severely damaged the ecosystem and is not conducive to the sustainable development of agriculture.Organic waste has become a research hotspot as a substrate for raising see dlings,while cow dung,peanut shells,and carbonized rice husks have the advantages of wide sources,low prices,and rich nutrients.This experiment utilized cow dung,peanut shells,and carbonized rice husk organic waste,and formulated different matrix formulations with traditional matrix materials of peat,vermiculite,and perlite.From May to June 2017,preliminary formulation of cucumber seedling matrix was conducted.Screening,testing a total of 17 treatments;from September to October for further screening of matrix formulations,a total of 7 tests;from October to November for the third test,a preliminary evaluation of the matrix formula better,set 4 treatments.All experiments were conducted using the traditional matrix formulation: peat: vermiculite: perlite = 60:20:20 as a control to study the effects of different substrate formulations on cucumber seedlings,seedlings,physiological indicators,root development and enzyme activity.,and conducted correlation analysis.The best matrix formulation was selected from it to replace the traditional matrix formulation used as a cucumber seedling substrate.The main conclusions of the experiment are as follows:(1)Different substrate formulations have different rates of cucumber emergence,T1(cow dung: peat: vermiculite: perlite = 17:49:17:17),T2(cow dung: peanut shell: peat: vermiculite: perlite =14:14:44:14:14),T3(cow dung: charred rice hulls: peat: vermiculite: perlite = 14:14:44:14:14),CK has no significant emergence rate in different periods.Sexuality difference,but the seedling emergence rate reached more than 90% on the 5th day after sowing,which was in line with the requirements of high quality substrate on the emergence rate.On the 7th day after sowing,the emergence rate of T1 and CK was the highest,97% respectively.(2)T1,T2,and T3 were superior to the control in terms of plant height,stem diameter,root length,fresh ground weight,ground fresh weight,ground dry weight,underground dry weight,leaf area,G value,and strong seedling index.T1,T2,and T3 were significantly different from those of CK,respectively;T1 comprehensive morphological indicators performed best.(3)T1 performed best in nitrogen content and chlorophyll content;in terms of chlorophyll a content,T2 performed best;in root activity,T1 activity was the greatest;and T1 performance was the best in six physiological indicators.(4)The amount of cow dung used in the matrix should be less than 40% of the total volume.Otherwise,the yellowing of the root system,poor winding of the root system and the matrix,etc.may easily occur.The appropriate amount of cow dung can improve the quality of seedlings,increase the stem diameter of the seedlings,increase the plant height,and promote root growth.When the diameter of the peanut shell is 5mm,the total volume of the peanut shell in the matrix should not exceed 14%.The root is easily dissolvable.(5)Adding cow manure,peanut shells,and carbonized rice hulls to the substrate can change t he expression of enzyme activity in the plant leaves.In the enzyme activity activities of SOD(sup eroxide dismutase)and POD(peroxidase)CAT(catalase),T3 performed the best in enzyme activity.(6)Using grey correlation analysis,in the final matrix formulation screening,r T1 = 0.81,r T2 = 0.79,r T3 = 0.79,rck = 0.44,three matrix formulations are superior to the control,in which T1 performance is best,and the matrix formula lowest price.(7)At present,T1 formula has been used by Fugou Lishi Kang Fertilizer Co.,Ltd.to carry out mass production demonstration.