| In order to improve the quality of upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco in Wumeng District,with the use of Yunyan 105 and Yunyan 116 varieties as materials,we will set greenhouse warming and promote water and fertilizer integration in Heishi Tobacco Science and Technology Park in Weining County,Bijie City from 2016 to 2017.The experiments were conducted and compared with the growth of tobacco leaves under conventional production techniques.The effects of temperature on the opening of upper leaves and the content of hydroxyproline in cell walls,POD content in cell walls,and IAAO activity were investigated.At the same time,the change law of the growth period of flue-cured tobacco under water and fertilizer integration technology and the influence on the output value and the quality of flue-cured tobacco were analyzed.The main findings are as follows:1.Effect of temperature on the quality of upper leaves of flue-cured tobaccoThe analysis of the changes of leaf length and leaf width in the upper leaves of the two varieties under warming conditions showed that the increase in temperature can significantly increase the leaf length,leaf width and leaf area of the upper leaves,but there are differences among the varieties.Under the condition of increasing temperature,the final leaf length and width and leaf area of the upper leaves of Yunyan 116 and Yunyan 105 cultivars have increased and the differences have been significant.In terms of leaf length in the upper leaves,Yunyan 116 showed T1>T2>CK,T1 increased more than CK by 8.58%,Yunyan 105 showed T2>T1>CK,and T2 increased overall compared with CK.13.5%;From the perspective of the leaf width of the upper leaves,the performance of the two varieties was comparable to the leaf length of the upper leaves of each variety.The T1 treatment leaf width of the Yunyan 116 variety was the widest,which was 3.95% higher than that of the control group.Yunyan 105 variety The T2 treatment performance was the best,which was 14.92% higher than that of the control group.From the perspective of leaf area,the T1 treatment performance of Yunyan 116 was the best,the leaf area of the upper leaf was 93.68cm2 higher than that of the control group,and the overall increase was 12.88%.The T2 treatment performance of the 105 varieties was the best.The leaf area of the upper leaves was increased by 195.47cm2 compared with the control group,and the overall increase was 30.43%.The differences were significant.The experiment proves that the greenhouse environmental temperature can be effectively increased by building greenhouses,and the increase in ambient temperature has an effect on the growth of the length and width of the upper leaves of the tested varieties.The change of hydroxyproline content in the cell wall of the tested cultivar under the condition of increasing temperature,along with the increase of temperature,the content of hydroxyproline in the cell wall of the upper leaves of all the tested cultivars showed a decreasing trend.The Yunyan 116 variety was In the two different time periods,the hydroxyproline content in the cell wall of the upper leaves showed a downward trend.Compared with the control group,from July 20 to August 10,the content of hydroxyproline in the cell wall of the upper leaves was lower.In addition,the hydroxyproline content in the cell wall of the upper leaf of the control group showed a pattern of first decrease and then a slowly rise;the Yunyan 105 variety also showed the same pattern,and the decrease was even greater under the heat treatment from July 20 to August 10.Big.The results showed that during the period of growth and development of the upper leaves of tobacco plants,warming could effectively reduce the content of hydroxyproline in the cell wall of the upper leaves of tobacco.The change of cell wall POD activity under the condition of temperature increase showed that,with the increase of temperature,the POD activity of the cell wall of the upper leaves of the two varieties declined to different extents.From a whole point of view,the Yunyan116 variety was more late in the development period of the upper leaf tobacco growth period.It increased greenhouse temperature from July 20 to August 10,which can effectively reduce the POD activity of the upper leaf cell wall and slow down.The conversion rate of valine to hydroxyproline decreases the content of extensible proteins in the cell wall of the leaf cells,which results in better performance of stretch and opening of the upper leaves.The IAAO activity change ratio analysis of the tested varieties under warming conditions showed that under the condition of increasing temperature,the IAAO activity in the upper leaves of tobacco obviously decreased.The comparison between the two varieties was from July 10 to July 30.During the warming period,the IAAO activity of Yunyan 116 was lower than that of Yunyan 105,which further explained the difference in data produced by the difference in the growth period of the two varieties.The economical characteristics of the upper leaves of the tested varieties under warming conditions were analyzed.The experimental results showed that warming can effectively promote the growth of the upper leaves of the tobacco plants and increase their output value,but there are still differences between the varieties,and the Yunyan 105 varieties under increased temperature treatment.The yield and output value of the upper leaves were higher than those of the cloud 116 varieties,which was also positively correlated with the change trend of leaf length.2.Effects of water and fertilizer integration on growth period,yield and quality of flue-cured tobaccoAnalysis of the fertility time in the field under the different cultivation methods showed that the integration of water and fertilizer can promote the growth and development of tobacco plants during the field,shorten the growth period of tobacco plants in the field,and increase the growth period of the upper leaves to higher temperatures.In the period,it promotes the growth and development of the upper leaves.At the same time,the use of water and fertilizer integration technology can enhance the growth of tobacco plants and increase the utilization of fertilizers.Through the investigation of botanical traits and major agronomic traits,the water integration technology enabled the tobacco plants to obtain more nutrients and grow stronger under the same amount of water and fertilizer.Through the analysis of the yield,output value,average price and the proportion of superior tobacco smoke of the tested varieties under different cultivation methods,the yield of the integrated treatment of the two varieties of water and fertilizer exceeds the conventional cultivation treatment,and the integration of water and fertilizer of Yunyan 105 varieties.The highest yield under treatment was 183.2kg/667m2.The smallest yield of the Yunyan 116 variety was conventionally cultivated,only 121.2kg/667m2;the ranking of production value was the same as the output,and Yunshi 105 still had the highest water and fertilizer integration treatment,being 3352.5 yuan/.667m2;average price,the Yunyan 116 varieties as a whole higher than Yunyan 105 varieties,water and fertilizer integration treatment is higher than conventional cultivation,Yunyan 116 varieties of water and fertilizer integration treatment the highest average price,reaching 23.9 yuan / kg;from the upper middle smoke rate In terms of output value,the Yunyan 116 variety under the conditions of water and fertilizer integration,the proportion of upper and middle smoke increased by 5.3%,and the per mu output value increased by 270.4 yuan;the Yunyan 105 variety under the conditions of water and fertilizer integration,the proportion of upper and middle smoke increased by 4.8 %,the output value of the mu increased by 301.6 yuan.Therefore,water and fertilizer integration technology can significantly improve the economic efficiency of tobacco,reduce costs,while increasing revenue,to achieve the purpose of reducing labor costs and increasing efficiency.Through the evaluation of the evaluation of the smoke after smoking and the evaluation of the internal quality,the use of water and fertilizer integration technology in the sensory quality evaluation is superior to the conventional fertilizer treatment;from the chemical composition,the water and fertilizer integration technology can increase the potassium in tobacco leaves.The content improves the quality of tobacco leaves. |
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