Effect Of Nitrogen Rate And Fertilization Methods On Tobacco Quality And Yield Under Application Of Fertigation

Traditional fertilization techniques and excessive use of chemical fertilizers,which led to soil compaction,fertility decline and destruction of soil ecological balance,further affected the growth and quality of tobacco.Therefore,this paper studies the effects of different amount of nitrogen and different method of application on quantity of tobacco production and quality of domestic and foreign quality,according to the law of tobacco growth and development.The experiment was carried out from 2015 to 2016 in Wangluo Town,Xiangcheng County,Xuchang City.Based on the local conventional fertilization techniques and nitrogen consumption,the effects of reducing nitrogen use and changing the topdressing methods on the growth and development of tobacco in the fields,quantity of output and value and intrinsic quality changes of flue-cured leaves.the main results are as follows: 1.Effect of Use of water and fertilization integration technology to reduce the amount of nitrogen on the quality of tobacco and yield.Reducing the amount of nitrogen could shorten the growth period of tobacco in the field.Under the condition of reducing 20% the amount of nitrogen,the maturation time of the foot and the parietal lobe was obviously advanced,and the tobacco leaves were quickly ripened.Through the investigation of botanical and main agronomic traits,in the case of the same nitrogen consumption,tobacco using water and fertilization integration technology grew stronger than those in conventional fertilization;in the case of reducing the amount of 20% nitrogen,tobacco using water and fertilization integration technology and conventional fertilization had similar growth potential,indicating that the integration of water and fertilization can improve the usage of fertilizer.The yield,output value,average price and the proportion of fine tobacco were investigated.The yield of tobacco under reduction of 20% nitrogen was the same as that of conventional control at 180 kg / 667m2.The output value was 852.64 yuan / 667m2 higher than the latter.The average price was 4.2 yuan / kg higher than the conventional control;the proportion of fine leaves reached 38.79%.The results show that the use of water and fertilizer integration reduced the use of chemical fertilizers,and also improved the economic benefits of tobacco.Through the evaluation of the appearance quality of the baked tobacco,the appearance quality of under reduction of 20% nitrogen was best,and that of the tobacco leaves under reduction of 40% was similar to that of the conventional control ones.Fragrance quantity and concentration,softness,aftertaste,miscellaneous gas and flammability,etc.of tobacco under reduction of 20% nitrogen are better than those of conventional control.The use of water and fertilizer integration technology to reduce the amount of nitrogen improved the sensory quality of tobacco.Through the analysis of chemical composition of tobacco leaves of different application amount of nitrogen,the use of water and fertilizer integration technology can improve the potassium content reduce the chloride content in tobacco leaves.Through the analysis of leaf anatomical structure,the reduction of nitrogen content increased the stomata density and increased plant transpiration.The glandular hairs density increased and the glandular hair secretion was increased.In the case of reducing 20% the amount of nitrogen,the thickness of sponge tissue increased,improving leaf photosynthesis.From the analysis of leaf gonadal secretion,the use of water and fertilizer integration technology to reduce the amount of nitrogen can make the diterpenes,alkanes content increased significantly,sucrose content was slightly increased but not obvious.It was concluded that the use of water and fertilizer integration technology increase the content of phenylalanine,solanone,carotenoids and neophytadiene in tobacco leaves,the content of neutral aroma in tobacco leaves was the highest in the case of reducing of 20% N.2 Effects of Different Fertilization Techniques on Tobacco Quality and YieldChanging the traditional fertilization method was commercial to the growth and development of the tobacco plant during the field,and shorten the whole growth period.The use of water and fertilizer integration technology can enhance the growth of tobacco plants,improve fertilizer utilization.Through the investigation of botanical characters and main agronomic traits,in the case of applying the same amount of nitrogen,this technology made the tobacco plants absorb more nutrients and grow stronger.In accordance with the law of tobacco growth,changing the main fertilization time of the conditions led to the best growth of tobacco and faster aging.The results of roasted tobacco production,output value,average price and proportion of superior tobacco showed that different treatments using integration of water and fertilizer were higher than those of conventional fertilization treatment.In the experience of different fertilization time and content of N,the yield was 20% higher than that of conventional treatments,the output value was 1534.87 / 667m2 yuan higher,the average price was at 22.87 yuan and 3.95 yuan / kg more than the control,the proportion of superior tobacco was at 36.49%.The results showed that the use of water and fertilizer integration technology can achieve the purpose of increasing production and value.The results showed that tobacco leaves using water and fertilizer integration technology were better than CK in the evaluation of sensory quality,within which the scores in different fertilization time and content treatment were the highest.At the view of chemical composition the integration of water and fertilizer can increase the content of potassium and improve the quality of tobacco leaves.