Preliminary Study On The Effects Of The Biological Agent And Slow Release Fertilizer On Greenhouse Cucumber And Pepper

The excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers in greenhouse cultivation has resulted in environmental pollution,brought the issue of the quality and safety of agricultural products and so on.Cucumbers and peppers are the main vegetables cultivated in greenhouse.In order to improve the yields as well as qualities of cucumbers and peppers while protecting the ecological environment,this study has explored the technology of reducing the amount of fertilizers and pesticides while increasing the yields of cucumbers and peppers in greenhouse,the self-made biological agents were developed to study on the pollution-free technology of controlling the cucumber powdery mildew,and slow release fertilizers were added to research on the technology of reducing the amount on the fertilizers while increasing the yields of pepper,providing a technical support for the safe production of cucumbers and peppers.The main results are as follows:1.The control of cucumber powdery mildew by biological agentsThe biological agents DHY and LKO showed significant control efficiency on cucumber powdery mildew.Under the conditions of potted inoculation,the control efficiency of the biological agents DHY and LKO was 91.43% and 71.43%,Under natural conditions in the field,the control efficiency of the biological agents DHY and LKO was 46.02% and 56.64%;Biological agents combined with Sulphur could promote the control efficiency,compared with the control group,drug marks were reduced.In addition,the effect of biological agents and chemical agents on the control of cucumber powdery mildew was higher than that of chemical agents.Biological agents DHY and LKO could promote the enzymatic activities of defense related enzymes and PR protein.Biological agents DHY and LKO significantly improved the enzyme activities of POD,PPO,and PAL in the cucumber leaves by 71.73%,50.00%,and 17.98%,and 112.86%,87.90%,and 27.16% compared with the control,respectively;and the biological agents could also improve the enzymatic activities of chitinase and ?-1,3-glucanase in the cucumber leaves by 27.98% and 28.46% and 17.28% and 19.77% compared with the control,respectively.Biological agents DHY and LKO could improve the production and qualities of cucumber.The biological agent DHY and LKO could promote the production of cucumber,and the total yield was higher by 17.57% and 19.28% compared with the control,the biological agent combined with Sulphur the total yield was higher by 17.57% and 18.85% compared with the control,The yield of biological agents and chemical agents is higher than that of chemical agents;Meanwhile,the biological agents could improve the fruit qualities,the contents of protein,soluble sugar and VC in cucumber fruits treated with biological agents were significantly higher than those treated with chemical agents.2.The effect of the slow release fertilizers on the growth and rhizosphere soil micro-ecological environmentSaving fertilizer combined with the slow release fertilizers fertilization could promote the growth of pepper,and significantly improve the production and qualities.The fertilization with slow-release fertilizer promoted the growth index of spring stubble and autumn stubble pepper,The seedling height,stem diameter and plant amplitude were significantly increased in the budding stage,chlorophyll content and root activity increased significantly;the slow release fertilizers combined fertilization could improve the production and qualities,the total yield was elevated by 13.08%~25.23% and 14.15%~30.18% in both spring and autumn cultivation compared with the control,respectively,Meanwhile,the contents of protein,soluble sugar and vitamin C in capsicum fruit were increased obviously.Saving fertilizer combined with the slow release fertilizers fertilization showed regulating effect on the rhizosphere soil micro-ecological environment.Comparing with the control in the spring and autumn cultivation,saving fertilizer combined with the slow release fertilizers fertilization could improve urease,phosphatase,sucrose enzyme and catalase activity in the rhizosphere soil of the peppers,could significantly augment the amount of bacteria and actinomycetes and decrease the amount of fungi in the rhizosphere soil of the peppers,the contents of fast available nitrogen,fast available phosphorus,quick available potassium and organic matter in the rhizosphere soil of pepper were significantly increased.