Effects Of Organic Fertilizer On Soil Quality Of Vineyard And Physiological Characteristics And Quality Of Wine Grape

Aiming at the problems of poor soil,poor water and fertilizer conservation,large amount of chemical fertilizer,low utilization rate of fertilizer and large loss of nutrient,which seriously affect the yield and quality of grape in the east foot of Helan Mountain,the effects of organic fertilizer on soil quality and grape berry components in the east foot of Helan Mountain were studied.The experiment was conducted in Guanlan grape base of Xige winery in Jinshan International Wine experimental Park of Ningxia.Six year old wine grape(Cabernet Sauvignon)was selected as the research object.A single factor completely random design was adopted.Four treatments including conventional fertilization(NPK),70%conventional+nano bio organic fertilizer,70%conventional+biochar and 70%conventional+bio bacterial fertilizer were set up to study the effect of organic fertilization on soil fertility Quality and wine grape yield and quality.The main results are as follows:(1)Compared with conventional fertilization(NPK),nano organic fertilizer,biochar and biological bacterial fertilizer can significantly reduce soil bulk density,and also increase soil total porosity,among which biochar is the most significant;three kinds of organic fertilizer can significantly improve the content of soil large particle aggregates,and then effectively improve the stability of soil aggregates,and biochar can increase the soil bulk density at 0-20cm depth Compared with conventional fertilization,three kinds of organic fertilizer can significantly improve the content of soil organic matter,alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium,and also can significantly improve the number of soil microorganisms,among which nano organic fertilizer can increase the content of soil organic matter the most,biochar can increase the content of soil alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium the most,and biological bacterial fertilizer can increase the number of soil microorganisms The increase is the most.(2)Compared with conventional fertilization(NPK),nano organic fertilizer,biochar and biological bacterial fertilizer could increase the contents of macroelements and microelements in the root,trunk,secondary branch,leaf and fruit of wine grape during the whole growth period.Among them,nano organic fertilizer increased the nitrogen content in the root and trunk,the phosphorus content in the secondary branch and fruit,and the iron content in all organs of wine grape The content of copper,manganese and zinc increased most significantly.(3)Compared with conventional fertilization(NPK),nano organic fertilizer,biochar and biological bacterial fertilizer could significantly improve the SPAD value of chlorophyll,and then significantly improve the net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of wine grape,among which the biological bacterial fertilizer was the most significant.(4)Compared with conventional fertilization(NPK),nano organic fertilizer,biochar and biological bacterial fertilizer increased the grain size of wine grape by 5.43%,5.18%and 6.88%respectively,and significantly increased the ear length of wine grape.Therefore,three kinds of organic fertilizer significantly increased wine grape yield,but there was no significant difference among nano organic fertilizer,biochar and biological bacterial fertilizer.The contents of total anthocyanins,soluble solids and total phenols in wine grape were significantly increased,while the contents of tannin and titratable acid in wine grape were decreased.The ratio of glucose to acid in wine grape was significantly increased by 12.35%,26.09%and 21.55%with nano organic fertilizer,biochar and biological bacterial fertilizer,respectively,with biochar being the most significant.The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization(NPK),nano organic fertilizer,biochar and biological bacterial fertilizer could significantly improve soil fertility and soil environment,among which biochar had the best effect;and then improve the nutrient content of wine grape,in which nano organic fertilizer increased the trace element content of wine grape most;biological bacterial fertilizer increased the yield of wine grape most,and the growth rate of wine grape was higher The quality of wine grape was improved most significantly by material carbon.