Pre-harvest Sprouting Tolerance Of Some Elite Varieties From The Southern Yellow And Huai River Valley Winter Wheat Region Of China

Recently,PHS took place more and more frequently in the Southern Yellow and Huai River Valley Winter Wheat Region of China before harvest due to continuous rain.Nowadays,white wheat varieties were widely planted in this region,but their sprouting resistance were relatively weaker.Thus,it is very helpful to study the characteristics of PHS resistant of wheat varieties for breeding and utilization of new varieties.In this study,198 elite varieties from the region were picked up to identify their resistance to PHS using seed germination tests of intact spike and field delayed seed germination method,respectively.Furthermore,seven molecular markers which were likely linked with PHS resistant were used to test the effectiveness.The main results were as follows:1.For intact spikes,the average sprouting rate of 198 materials was 43.42% with the range of 0.25% ~ 90.19%,and for field delayed germination,the average germination rate was 29.51% with the range of 0.13% ~ 77.50%.Among them,the germination rate of 10 accessions were less than 10% including Luomai31,Weilai0818,Zhoumai19,Taikong6,Chinese Spring,Yumai14,Fanmai5,Sumai3,Zhongyanmai0708,Zhengyumai0519.Although significant positive correlation(r=0.519,P < 0.001)between two methods were observed,the correlation degree was lower.In general,types of high resistance accounted for only a small proportion(8.08%and 17.17%,respectively).The shortage of resistant materials to PHS is particularly prominent in this region.2.Only two out of 7 markers named VP1B3 and Xgwm155 was effective to PHS resistance.In detail,569 bp and 845 bp amplified by STS marker VP1B3 and C band from SSR marker Xgwm155 were likely closely related with PHS,and the number of materials were 92,1 and 34 in turn.The other five markers(MST101,ZXQ118,Xbarc170,Xgwm344,Xgwm610)were ineffective to PHS resistance and their availability needed to befurther verified.3.Twenty-four accessions were found to have resistant bands together amplified by Vp1B3 and Xgwm155(Vp1B3 showed 569 bp,and Xgwm155 showed C fragments).The average of seed germination rate was 22.83%.Among them,6 high PHS resistance varieties were found such as Yumai49,Zhou Mai19,Yumai14,Fanmai5,Sumai3 and Zhongyanmai 0708,and 9 middle resistant varieties including Yumai 52,Jun9917,Shi4185,Tainong 8968,Yannong 19,Wenmai 4,Yan99102,Wenmai 8 and LS6109.The average of field delayed germination rate was 18.46%.Among them,9 varieties were highly resistant such as Sumai 3,Wennong14,Zhongyemai0708,Yan99102,LS6109,Zhoumai19,Fanmai5,Yumai14 and Wenmai4,and 11 varieties middle resistant including Tainan 8968,Shi4185,Yumai49,Jiyan Mai7,Wenmai8,Jun 9917,Yannong 19,Yumai 52,Huai Mai0882,Guomai 301 and Linmai 2.These types of resistant wheat varieties can be used as vital germplasm resources for PHS breeding.