| Pre-harvest Sprout (PHS) which means Wheat seeds sprout under cool rainy or moist condition before harvest. Not only leads to a decrease in the yield of wheat, and the deterioration of the use value of the processing quality of wheat and kind.It is one of the natural devastating disaster of common wheat.Many contries in the world have suffered the harm of Wheat. Three wheat area is sprouting serious harm and higher frequency region.There are Southwest Wheat of China, middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River, northeast Wheat of China.Therefore, screenning the Wheat which decreas the PHS appearance frequency, and identify of PHS resistance genes is becoming one of the most important works in the current domestic and foreign.In this study, we choose 90 Sichuan Wheat Variety as the tested materials, including 43 nearly two years in Sichuan Province regional test of high generation strain material and 47 main cultivars in Sichuan Province.All material are offered by Southwest University of Science and Technology (SWUST) wheat research Institute. All material were Planted in the Wheat Research Institute farm base of SWUST.and harvest in dough stage, and not affected by preharvest sprouting and rainfall. By two methods of SGR and GI to identify the preharvest sprouting resistance of all material.22 SSR primers were used to analyze their phylogenetic relationships of PHS. Validation of 3 STS markers which are related to PHS resistance Vp1B3 and Dorm-1 and MST101. Analyse Pre-harvest Sprout resistance to all material combine Molecular markers, the results we obtained are listed below:In the whole spike and seed germination were hold to detect the PHS resistance of 90 materials. 1、The whole spike germination rate (SGR) and germination index (GI) were calculated. The mean of SGR was 42.7%, the variation of the SGR was 0.4%～90.3%, The mean of GI was 20.7%, the variation of the GI was 0.1%～51.9%.22 copies of materials by SGR and GI less than 10% at the same time identified as preharvest sprouting resistance varieties.Such as Chuanchongzu 104, Mianmai 40, CD012541, Mian 06-374, Nan12B991, Chuannong 19, SW12011, Mianmai 43, CD011-jian57.2、The sichuan wheat clustering tree is established, based on GI and SGR.and the selected material can be divided into two categories. Based on the germination index (GI) for variable cluster analysis,we can fine a total of 29 kinds of high variety;Based on the whole spike germination rate SGR for variable cluster analysis, we can find a total of 31 kinds of high variety,Considering these two methods, we can find 27 species of high varieties at the same time, Nan12B991, Chuanchongzu 104, Xingmai2, CD012541, Mianmai 40, Mian06-374, Chuannong 19, CD011-jian57, Mianmai 43, SW12011, Chuanyu 24, Mianmai 45, Chuanyu 23, Mianmai37, Nan13D921, Xikemai 4, Miannong 4, Nan12 pin B985, Chuanchongzu 125, Xikemai 8, BL227, Mianmai 41, Chuanmai 42, BL10-285, Shumai 482, Mianmai42, Mianmai 185.3、According to the kind of the skin color can be roughly divided into red wheat seeds and white seeds of wheat. The red seed wheat have 82, The white seed wheat have 8, The GI of red wheat seed have average of 20.1%, the variation range of 0.1%～48.2%; and SGR average of 42.2%, the variation range of 0.4%～89.7%. White wheat seed GI average of 26.5%, the variation range of 3.7%～41.4%; SGR average of 53.5%, the variation range of 9.2%～90.3%, The white wheat of SGR and GI have average slightly larger than the red wheat, variation range of no significant difference. A kind of skin color and GI, SGR related analysis, specific see table 3-1. Results showed that the seed coat color and GI, SGR correlation coefficient of 0.126 and 0.106, respectively, no significant correlation. GI and SGR correlation coefficient is 0.832**, show the significant positive correlation.The result show that the seed coat color on the impact of Pre-harvest Sprouting in this paper tested can’t effectively material performance.4、22 SSR primers were used to analyze their phylogenetic relationships. Primer Xbarc25 can’t amplify the type of bands.8 Primer can only amplify one type of bands.3 primers were 2 and 8 primers were 3. Xwmc468 and Xgwm282 can amplify 4 bands, The Polymorphism primers named as A,B,C,D, and Correlations between alleles of markers with GI and SGR. Referring to the method of Zhang Haiping etc.Tus the cultivars with the amplified bands pattern type or no amplified band accompany with the low or high resistance of PHS. The validity of this primer will be further tested at the same time,The results indicated that Only 5 markers be good correlation with the pre-harvest sprouting resistance has in all 22 SSR primers, They are Xgwm566, Xgwm60, Xbarc310, Xwmc468, Xgwm282. Analysis the Correlation of 2 pairs of molecular marker allele types with GI and SGR, but the Correlation is not consistent. Associated with GI and significantly, and associated with SGR but not significantly.The two Molecular markers of Xcfd223, Xgwm106 can be used for molecular identification of preharvest sprouting resistance still need further verification. Molecular marker of other not suitable for these materials for sprouting resistance screening and identification.5、The availability of Vp1B3,Dorm-1 and Mst101 was detected by the materials in this study. The results indicated that the STS markers VplB3 amplified 4 fragments of type BP,569,652,845 and heterozygous belt (569,652),Named Vp-1Ba,Vp-1Bb,Vp-1Bc and Vp-lBa+b.Amplified heterozygous with type Vp-1Ba+b band varieties showed strong resistance to Preharvest Sprouting.Cultivars which amplified 652bp,569bp and 845 bp are no significantly differences of mean. Markers Dorm-1 amplified 2 fragments of type BP,71 materials could be amplified single 468bp band, Only 19 materials got both 468bp and 606bp which are amplified by primer, and none amplified single 606bp band. Markers MST101 amplified 2 fragments A (400 bp) and B (425 bp),18 materials could be amplified single A band, and 72 materials could be amplified single B, Correlations between alleles of markers with GI and SGR, The molecular marker allele types and GI, SGR is not consistent. These can be used to test materials for the preharvest sprouting resistance screening still need further verification. |
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