Design And Testing Study On Electronic Control Seed-metering System

Sowing is an important part of agricultural production.In the seeding operation,the ground wheel is traditionally used to drive the seed meter,and ground wheel slipping often occurs and affects the seeding uniformity.The planting mode of wheat and corn rotation and no-till seeding in Huanghuaihai area makes the sowing operation more difficult,increased chance of ground wheel skidding.In order to improve the seeding uniformity and system efficiency,this paper has designed an Electronic control Seed-metering System with seeding control and monitoring functions.The seeding control function of the system has two modes:single seed precision seeding and precise seeding.The system consists of speed detection module,motor control module,human-computer interaction module,seed monitoring module and RS-485 communication module.In this paper,the mathematical relationship model of sowing operation speed,motor speed,and sowing operation parameters is established,and the closed-loop control of brushless DC motor speed is realized by fuzzy PID control method.Simulink simulation shows that compared with the traditional PID control method,the response time of the fuzzy PID control method is shortened by 0.23s;The motor speed control accuracy test shows that compared with the traditional PID control method,the control error of the fuzzy PID control method is reduced by 2.47%.Simulink simulation and the motor speed control accuracy test show that the fuzzy PID control method has better control performance.This paper conducted a comparative test of the seed meter test bench.Compared with the traditional mechanical corn seed meter,the qualification index of the Electronic control Seed-metering System increased by 4.77%,the replay-sowing index decreased by 1.96%,the leak-sowing index decreased by 2.81%,and the coefficient of variation of qualified seed spacing is reduced by 5.06%,the system has better seeding effect;Then use the system on the soil trough test bench to conduct the seeding test,and the test results show that the system's qualification index is 96.74%,the replay-sowing index is 2.15%,the leak-sowing index is 1.10%,and the coefficient of variation of qualified seed spacing is 16.24%.The test results all meet the requirements of the national standard,further verifying that the system has good seeding performance;Finally,the system is applied to actual sowing operations to complete field sowing experiment,and the test results show that the qualification index is 84.21%,the replay-sowing index is 2.63%,the leak-sowing index is 7.89%,and the coefficient of variation of qualified seed spacing is 22.15%,the actual working performance of the Electronic control Seed-metering System is good.The Electronic control Seed-metering System is applied to the corn precision seed metering device,and the system has been tested to verify that the system has a fast response speed and a high control accuracy.The system can run stably in the actual operation process,with good reliability and seeding performance.