| Pengxian Yellow Chicken is one of the best indigenous chicken breeds in China,and is named because it lives primarily in Peng County and its vicinity areas of the western part of Chengdu Plain,which has good adaptability and foraging skills,and meat tender,flavour is outstanding.In the ’80s,Pengxian Yellow chicken faced extinction due to the huge impact of alien chicken species.In recent years,with national high attention to animal genetic resources,the population is expanding continuously after various efforts.With the development of economic and the improvement of living standard,people have paid more and more attention to the food safety and quality,Pengxian Yellow chicken has showed an extensive market prospect.Basde on the methods of literature review,field survey,expert consulting,and so on,the author interviewed the administrative department,foundation,farmers,consumers,and summarized the present status,problems,and the development potential of the Pengxian Yellow chicken industry.The main conclusions as follows:1.Pengxian Yellow Chicken were medium sized,single crown and red feather,which meets the appearance requirements of local chicken market.The growth speed of Pengxian Yellow chicken was lower.At the age of 300 day,the body weight of cock was 2.525 kg,and the hen was 2.025 kg.The reproductive performances were lower,the total egg number of 500 day was 137.5,and the fertilization rate was 88.5%.The meet performances were better,the carcass percentage was 89.5%,and the percentage of eviscerated yield was above 64.55%.However,the variation coefficients of production performances were larger,and have great development potentials.2.The work of breed conservation of Pengxian Yellow Chicken goes well.With technical guidance from Sichuan Agricultural University,the modern reservation farm was constructed,which have 6000 Pengxian Yellow Chicken,including 1000 preserved populations,and 300 core selection cocks and 2000 hens.The matriarchal origin of Pengxian Yellow Chicken was figure out by the molecular biology methods.3.In 2015,the total market number of Pengxian Yellow Chicken was above 250 thousand,which were mainly reared at Guihua and Mengyang town,and the number were about 110 thousand.The breeding mode of Pengxian Yellow chicken was farmers breeding,the breeding number below 30 was dominant,the number more than 2000 was 19 and more than 1000 was 28.The farmers have adopted the feed feeding,the age of the market is 180,and the weight is not more than 2.5kg.Household farming is dominated by coarse grains,and the market is uncertain,1 or more than 1 year,and the cock weigh more than 2.5kg and the hen weigh more than 2kg.4.The problems in the industry of Pengxian Yellow Chicken as follow: the characteristics of germplasm resources are lost year by year because of inbreeding.The production performance is low,compared to the same kind of market competitiveness;Lack of breeding management technology standard,and rural aquaculture quality and management is lower,which lead to lower breeding efficiency.The scale and strength of the leading enterprises are not strong and the radiation driving ability is weak,and the processing and transformation is seriously delayed.The market is immature and the market information is not well-informed,and has not formed an industrial interest community which lead to the respond ability to market risks is weak.5.The development strategies of Pengxian Yellow Chicken industry as follow: Conduct in-depth resources investigation,and enlarg the genetic structure of population and maintain the genetic characteristics.Focus on product development and improve the production performance.Perform well in developing bases to play the leading role,and expand the scale of cultivation.Cultivate leading enterprises and strengthen the industry to promote the radiation function.Increase publicity efforts,and protect and promote the brand of Pengxian Yellow chicken.In conclusion,although the current industrialization level of Pengxian Yellow Chicken is not high,and has a lot of obstacles in the process of development.But in the long-term,along with the increasing demand of food,this chicken still has a wide market prospect because of its high-quality flavor. |
