Character Analysis Of Hybrid Progeny In Genus Eriobotrya Plants

Eriobotrya Lindl.,a genus of Maloideae,Rosaceae,is subtropical evergreen small arbor or arbor.Among 26 Species of Eriobotrya Lindl.,there are only one cultivated species,which has a narrow genetic base and a single character.on the other hand,the wild resources of Eriobotrya Lindl.in our country are abundant,and there are many excellent genetic characters such as drought resistance,cold resistance,insect resistance and few seeds,etc.It is one of the approaches to genetic improvement of Loquat through distant hybridization and other methods.The study was conducted in 2016-2018,and there were 4 batches,9 interspecific hybridization combinations,totaling more than 200 interspecific hybrids from the Germplasm Resource Garden of Genes Eriobotrya Plants of South China Agricultural University and Minle Base of Guangzhou Fruit Institute.The growth habits of them were observed and studied and the results are as follows:1.Shoot growth.The results showed that the flowering and fruiting of the interspecific hybrids were mainly from the summer shoots and the spring summer shoots.Therefore,the focus of the observation was the summer shoots,especially the difference of summer shoots germination and length of summer shoots between the interspecific hybrids and their parents.The female parent of most interspecies is cultivated loquat(one combination exceptions)and the male parent is wild loquat.The summer shoots of interspecific hybrids differed from their parents in their germination stage,some earlier than their parents and some later than their parents.The summer shooting time of the hybrid progeny of 'Jiefangzhong'× E.prinoides Rehd.& Wils was April 25 th to May 20 th.The summer shooting time of its female parent Jiefangzhong was May 20 th to July 10 th and its male parent E.prinoides Rehd.& Wils was June 1st to July 15 th.The summer shooting time of hybrid progeny was about 10 days in advance;The summer shooting time of the hybrid progeny of 'Jiefangzhong'× E.deflexa f.koshunensis Nakai was June 10 th to July 30 th.The summer shooting time of the E.deflexa f.koshunensis Nakai was July 3th to July 30 th,The summer shooting time of the hybrid progeny was delayed by nearly one month compared with the female parent,slightly earlierthan the father,but the summer shoots were similar in long-term.And it was inherited the characteristics that the male parent does not have the second summer shooting.The hybrid progeny of the other cross hybrids,whose male parents was the E.× daduheensis H.Z.Zhang ex W.B.Liao et al,also inherited the habit of not have the second summer shooting..2.The flowering stage of interspecific hybrids was relatively concentrated from December to January of next year.The parents can be roughly divided into autumn and winter flowering and spring flowering,but the hybrid progenies were basically similar to the female parent.Among them,the flowering stage of E.prinoides Rehd.& Wils.was concentrated from September to February of next year and 'Jiefangzhong' was December and January of next year.The flowering stage of hybrid progeny of the 'Jiefangzhong'× E.prinoides Rehd.&Wils.was similar to its female parent but it was different from its male parent in long flowering stage;The flowering stage of E.deflexa Nakai was March to April and the hybrid progeny of'Jiefangzhong'×E.deflexa Nakai earlier than it.It was about 90 days in advance;The flowering stage of E.deflexa f.koshunensis Nakai was December to February of next year.The flowering stage of hybrid progeny of 'Jiefangzhong' × E.deflexa f.koshunensis Nakai was much earlier than the final flowering of its male parents;The flowering stage of E.× daduheensis H.Z.Zhang ex W.B.Liao et al.was October to November.The flowering stage of hybrid progeny of 'Jiefangzhong' × E.× daduheensis H.Z.Zhang ex W.B.Liao et al.Delayed about 60 days compared with the E.× daduheensis H.Z.Zhang ex W.B.Liao et al.There is no significant difference in flowering stage between the same plant in different years;In the same year,the difference in flowering stage among different plants of the same hybrid combination progenies was relatively small and the characters were relatively stable.3.For the fruit characters,all of hybrid progenies had superior plants and each hybrid progeny plant had superior traits in the plants.The specific performance is fewer seeds in each fruit,high edible rate,high soluble solid content,large single fruit quality,large the longitudinal and traverse diameter of the fruit,and good fruit taste.Some superior hybrid progenies of 'Jiefangzhong' × E.prinoides Rehd.& Wils had few seeds and high edible rates.For example,the average seed number of JL53 is the lowest,which is 1.1,and the seed number of JL59 is 1.2,with the highest edible rate being 91.39%.Soluble solids content was the'Jiefangzhong' × E.deflexa f.koshunensis Nakai hybrid progeny JTH3 has the highest level,which is 15.48.Among them,individual grains as high as 20.95 and better taste.The average fruit weight of hybrid progeny was no exception and was lower than their female parent'Jiefangzhong'.Some superior plants clearly showed “trend in variation” and the single fruit weight was significantly higher than the male parent.For example,JT8,a hybrid progeny of the 'Jiefangzhong' × E.deflexa Nakai,has an average fruit weight of 9.97 g.Therefore,this study performed some combinations of back crossing.It is expected that the back cross generations will be able to retain more of the economic traits of the cultivated cockroaches and at the same time be able to absorb more of the advantages of less wild seeds,high edible rates,and higher TSS.In addition,the germination rate of each of the preferred hybrid progeny plants was counted,so the species germination rate was higher than 65%.4.Stone cells were found in JTH2,a hybrid of 'Jiefangzhong' × E.deflexa f.koshunensis Nakai and stone cells were also found in the JT8 which a hybrid of 'Jiefangzhong' × E.deflexa Nakai.They were extracted and determined respectively,and the content of stone cells was2.77% and 0.79%,respectively,Although it was lower than pear,it was the first report of quantitative studies of stone cells in loquat fruits.