Investigation Of Greenhouse Environment And Peach Phenophase And Fruit Quality

In this study,the third division 53 regiment 3 with the introduction of solar greenhouse’Chun Mei’,’Chun Xue’,’Chun Mi’,’Zhong Nong Jin Hui’,’Zhong You 4’,a total of five peach cultivars as experimental materials.The changes of greenhouse environmental factors under different management measures and the effects of changes in environmental factors in greenhouse on the flowering phenophase,growth characteristics and fruit quality of different peach varieties were studied.At the same time,the relationship between greenhouse environment and peach growth was explored to provide basis for greenhouse regulation and greenhouse cultivation.Research indicates:(1)With different management measures,the changes of greenhouse light intensity and temperature all show a unimodal trend.Ventilation is the most effective measure for dehumidification,and indoor humidity significantly decreases after ventilation.As the soil temperature changes with depth,the change trend of ground temperature gradually decreases.During the warming period of the greenhouse sheds,the full-clearing of the sunny days was dealt with,which not only facilitates the acceptance of light,but also facilitates indoor warming.During flowering and sunny days,it was well-ventilated,with good ventilation and significant effects in reducing humidity and warming.(2)Peach phenophase in the southern greenhouse greenhouse,the lobe period is concentrated from February 6 to 11,the big bud period is between February 10 and 14,and the early flowering period is from February 11 to 14.The flowering period was from February 14 to 16,and the flowering period was concentrated on February 24 to 26.The flowering period lasted 13-16d,about 40d earlier than the open field.The fruit ripening was concentrated in the middle and early May.The order of flowering phenology in different parts of the tree was:lower>middle>upper;the order of flowering of different fruit branches was:short fruit branch>middle fruit branch>long fruit branch;the order of flowering in different parts of long fruit branch was:upper>middle>base.(3)The leaf length,leaf width,and leaf thickness of the greenhouse peach were significantly different.The width of the spring snow leaf was 19.42mm.The length and leaf thickness of the Zhong Nong Jin Hui leaf were the largest,which were 141.45mm and 2.04mm respectively.The order of leaf area was:Zhong Nong Jin Hui>Chun Xue>Chun Mi>Zhong You 4>Chun Mei.The SPAD values of chlorophyll in greenhouse peach varieties were significantly different.The chlorophyll SPAD value of spring chlorophyll was significantly higher than other cultivars.There was no significant difference between Chunmi,Zhong Nong Jin Hui and Chun Xue.Zhong You 4 was significantly less than other cultivars.The single fruit weight,vertical and horizontal diameter growth of greenhouse peach fruit showed a double"S"curve growth.(4)The results of all kinds of branch and flower bud type of greenhouse peach reached 30%-77%;the fruit setting rate of Zhong You 4 was higher,and the fruit setting rate per plant reached 70.21%,which was higher than other varieties.The fruit setting rate of single plant in Zhong Nong Jin Hui was only42.42%.2-5d ring cut before peach to improve fruit setting.Zhong You 4 had the highest number of fruit per plant,with an average of 89 per plant.The yield was relatively high,reaching 1323.86 kg/667m~2,and Chun Mei was the lowest,with only 535.7 kg/667m~2.(5)The average fruit weight of greenhouse peach varieties is 80.06g,the maximum single weight of Chun Xue is 109.01g,the minimum is 45.40g of Zhong You 4,the fruit hardness is 5.85-9.94kg/cm~2,and the soluble solids content is 8.59-11.70%.The titratable acid ranged from 0.29%to 0.42%,the total chlorophyll content was 0.02-0.05mg/g,the vitamin C content was 5.50-7.68 mg/100g,and the anthocyanin content was 0.36-0.71.The soluble total sugar content was 4.96-7.66%.In the different canopies of greenhouse peaches,the fruit weight,vertical and horizontal diameters,anthocyanins and total soluble sugar content increased with the increase of crown height.(6)Suitable temperature for flowering is 13℃~20℃ and humidity is 60%~70%.In the early growth period of the greenhouse fruit,the indoor temperature is maintained at 16℃ to 24℃,and the period from the latter to the fruit ripening period is from 25℃ to 30℃,and the indoor humidity is kept below 60%.