Investigation And Analysis On Fertilizer Resources Of Typical Growers In Main Producing Regions Of Winter Potato In Guangdong Province

Based on the investigation and analysis of the typical growers’fertilizer resources in the major winter potato production areas in Guangdong Province,This thesis aimed at finding out the current situation of fertilizer types and fertilizer application in this Province,explore the problems of fertilizing technology,which is of great theoretical significance for enriching and carrying out studies in the related fields.The main investigation and analysis results showed that:（1）The percentage of the average yield of winter potato belonging to the middle level(22500-30000 kg·hm^-2)was 48.3%,and that of very low(<15000 kg·hm^-2)or very high-yield(>37500 kg·hm^-2)being less（12.1%and 0.0%,respectively）;about 26.4%of potato growers’yield was lower(15000-22500 kg·hm^-2),and about 13.2%of potato growers’yield being higher(30000-37500 kg·hm^-2).（2）More than 66%typical growers over-used nitrogen fertilizers and phosphate fertilizers,the average nitrogen application rate was 230.8 kg·hm^-2,and the average phosphorus application amount was 238.7 kg·hm^-2;but about 69.2%of the typical growers applied less potassium fertilizers,the average value of potassium application is only235.5kg·hm^-2.（3）During planting winter potato,the potato growers mainly preferred to chemical fertilizers,including urea,calcium superphosphate,sulfate of potash,compound fertilizers,muriate of potash;all typical growers selected urea as one of the most typical fertilizer types;at the same time,compound fertilizers has become more popular among potato growers,but the application amounts of organic manures were not sufficient obviously during planting winter potato.（4）In the typical fertilization modes of typical potato growers,“1 base fertilizer+3top dressing”mode accounted for the highest percentage（44.57%）of all typical potato growers,and“0 base fertilizer+3 top dressing”mode being the second（27.35%）;Besides,“1 base fertilizer+2 top dressings”,“1 base fertilizer+4 top dressing”,and“1 base fertilizer+0 top dressing”modes accounted for less proportion with 18.4%,9.41%and4.38%,respectively.（5）69.27%typical potato growers adopted basal and top-dressing application mode,and the quantity of base fertilizer in terms of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium was higher than that of top-dressing at different times.In addition,most of the typical potato growers adopted furrow application method for base fertilization,and over-head spraying for top dressing.（6）It was suggested that on the basis of applying good-quality organic manures（such as farmyard manures and/or marketable organic fertilizers）,potato growers in Guangdong Province should reduce the application dosages of both nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers,especiallly that of phosphate fertilizers,and adjust the potassium fertilizers’amount according to soil K fertility levels;what’s more,using meso-element and microelement fertilizers should be taken into consideration to further improve the potato households’fertilization technique modes,and to realize high-efficiency balanced fertilization gradually.