Design And Research Of Layered Deep Loosening Working Machine

The south–central part of Hebei Province is one of the typical two cropping areas of maize and wheat in one year in China.After the summer corn is ripe,it is harvested with a harvester,and then the corn straw is crushed and returned to the field with a pulverizer.A large number of straw is covered on the surface.Before the wheat is planted,the surface straw mulching is reduced by the combined farming method,and the demand for the wheat sowing is achieved.However,most of the existing deep loosening machines have large working resistance and much energy consumption.At the same time,due to the poor quality of the corn stalk crusher,the crushed stalks are not uniform,and the smashed stalks are liable to hang straw or weeds during operation,resulting in clogging of the implements or push it up,affecting the efficiency of the deep–slowing work machine.Therefore,it is an important research topic to reduce soil resistance to subsoiling shovel and reduce the blockage of machinery when meeting the quality of subsoiling.In view of the above problems,this paper designs and develops a layered deep-soiled soil preparation machine and conducts field tests to verify the rationality of the layered deep-slow combination shovel and the performance of the equipment.The specific research contents are as follows:(1)Through the comparison of multiple schemes,the design of deep loose parts and complete machines was determined.The deep loose parts are designed with a layered deep loosening principle to design a deep layered combination spade.Two deep loose spade tips are arranged one behind the other.The front loose pine spade loosens the upper layer of soil,behind the deep loose spatula tip looses the lower loose soil,and it is staggered before and after.Analyze the suspension mechanism and establish a mathematical model to calculate the width of the deep loose frame so that the deep loose frame can avoid collision with the universal joint during the operation.Using software Solidworks to build a model of the various parts of the deep-seated grounding machine,and then virtual assembly to test the assembly of the machine.(2)Under the ideal working condition,the force analysis is performed on the layered deep loose combination shovel,and a model for calculating the working resistance of the layered deep loose combination shovel is established.The optimum distance of deep loosening depth between two shovels is obtained by calculating the working resistance of the stratified deep loosening shovel,and the working resistance of the layered deep loosening combined shovel and the common chisel shovel is calculated under the same operating conditions,and the comparative analysis is carried out.(3)The force analysis of the repression roll and the drawing board is analyzed,and the relationship model is established to calculate the pressure of the roll town and to adjust the deformation of the rod spring,so as to make it adjust the pull rod to get the firmness of the desired surface in the application.(4)On the basis of calculating the working resistance of the stratified deep loosening combined shovel,the finite element static analysis is carried out by software ANSYS for the shovel tip,the shovel and the frame of the stratified deep loosening combined shovel,and the maximum deformation and the maximum stress of the stratified deep loosening combined shovel and the frame are satisfied.(5)A layered deep loosening soil preparation machine was developed and tested in the field.The results show that all indicators of the stratified deep-slugging and soil leveling machine are within the scope specified in the “Standard JB/T10295-2014 Deep Loose Soil Consolidation Machine”and meet the requirements;under the same conditions of cultivation depth and speed,the average working resistance of the deep-layered combination shovel is 5020 N,and the average working resistance of the ordinary-type deep-removing shovel is 6108 N,which is reduced by 17.8%,and the resistance reduction is obvious.The corn stalks are only subjected to one-time grinding under the harvesting operation of the corn harvester.The continuous operation of the machine 1hm2 did not appear clogging of the machine,the passing of the machine was good,and the operation was smooth after the operation.