Risk Transmission Mechanism,Distribution Characteristics And Regulation Of Avian Influenza

In recent years,the avian influenza has caused great destruction to the poultry industry,largely influenced consumers confidence in poultry products,leading a sharp drop in demand for poultry products.Studies showed that people are infected with avian influenza virus is mainly derived from poultry supply chain.To reduce the risk of human infection with avian influenza,we must strengthen the quality and safety supervision of poultry supply chain.This paper intends to identify critical control points of the poultry supply chain when facing avian influenza crisis,analyze key causes of poultry infected with avian influenza,explore its multidimensional distribution characteristics of poultry infected with avian influenza and analyze prevention and control measurements of typical countries and regions.Finally,it is proposed to offer policy recommendations to establish efficient poultry supply chain supervision model.This paper is divided into six chapters.The first chapter is introduction,including research background,research significance,the main research contents,research methods and data sources,research design,and possible innovation and deficiency.The second chapter is literature review.Retrospecting and reviewing literature of home and abroad,from several aspects,including the food safety risk identification,the evolution of avian influenza,its harm and its application in poultry supply chain risk conduction,as well as the technical system for avian influenza,it gives comments of these literature.The third chapter is to identify and locate the key critical control points of poultry supply chain,and analyzes the possible risk factors.Then it points out risk transmission mechanism of poultry infected avian influenza.The forth part is the analysis of multidimensional distribution characteristics of poultry infected with avian influenza,including between group andspecies distribution of poultry infected with avian influenza,regional distribution and time distribution characteristics.Chapter five uses Hong Kong as a typical case,analyzing the effective regulation and control measures of avian influenza by using the 5T quality and safety model framework.The last part,chapter six put forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions and summarize the full text.Conclusions of this paper is as follows.On the very first place,poultry supply chain is the risk transmission chain.Poultry production and breeding link is the key of the avian influenza outbreak critical control points.Additionally,the sales link,consuming link,inspection and quarantine of consumption is H5N1,H5N2,H5N8 and H7N3 hard-hit areas.Second,from the virus species distribution aspect,H5 subtype is the most widespread virus,and H5N1 accounted for most.Between group cases imply that infection type is mainly for the households field.In addition,the main infected poultry are commonly breeding(egg)chicken and ducks.From the spatial distribution characteristics aspect,poultry infected with avian influenza cases mainly distributed in the northern hemisphere of Asia,Europe and North America,with strong spatial correlation and obvious trends.From the time distribution retrospect,poultry infected with avian influenza case outbreak time mainly concentrated in the northern hemisphere winters and springs.Third,poultry infected with avian influenza outbreak and spread of reasons including migratory birds,farm personnel flow caused by cross infection and collection of different kinds of birds and farmers yard feeding,etc.Fourth,known from prevention and typical control measures of avian influenza in Hong Kong,production regulation basing on the record bases,detailed rules of package,the unity of the circulation distribution,multi linkage of inspection and quarantine technology,more complete market segment supervision and emergency safeguard measures to meet the quality of the food supply chain traceability,transparency,testability,timing and trust.China's regulatory system should not copy Hong Kong completely,and it should be combined with the actual political and economic environment and the reference.Based on using various research methods,this paper tries to identify the supply chainrisk of poultry,making up the insufficiency study of the supply chain on the key control points and key links of recognition to a certain extent,providing possible reference for the establishment of risk management system and the implementation of the "food safety strategy" for the government,and offering advice and countermeasure for handling of similar public health events.