Effects Of Different Nitrogen Rates And Irrigation Quotas On Growth And Nitrogen Accumulation And Translocation Of Spring Wheat Under Drip Irrigation

[Object]Effects of different nitrogen rates and irrigation quotas on spring wheat growth and nitrogen accumulation and translocation under drip irrigation conditions in Shihezi,Xinjiang,were conducted to study the effects of moderate water and nitrogen reduction on the growth of spring wheat.Continuous production provides theoretical basis.[Method]In this experiment in 2017 in xinjiang shihezi day industry,selects the gluten wheat varieties in the XinChun 6 as experimental material,adopted 5250 m³·hm^-2?Wc?,4575 m³·hm^-2?W1,W2,W3?two kinds of irrigation amount four irrigation treatment and 0?N0?,240 kg·hm^-2?N16a,N16b?,300 kg·hm^-2?N20?three four nitrogen fertilizer N application processing coupling.The effects of water and nitrogen coupling on yield formation and quality of spring wheat in xinjiang were studied.The results of this experiment mainly include:[Results]?1?The amount of dry matter of wheat under four irrigation level to W1 level quality of dry matter,the biggest in the level of the conventional irrigation Wc,the amount of dry matter and moderate deficit irrigation than reducing,irrigation amount the same W1,W2,W3,dry matter accumulation of no significant difference.Under the treatment of nitrogen,the total amount of dry matter of wheat was N20>N16b>N16a>N0,and the amount of nitrogen was increased with the increase of the amount of nitrogen in wheat dry matter in the range of 0-300 kg·hm^-2.Compared with N16a and N16b with the same nitrogen application,N16b accumulates a higher quality of dry matter than N16a,so it is more obvious that the accumulation of dry matter is more obvious in the same amount of nitrogen application.Under the condition of water and nitrogen coupling,the theoretical value of W3N20 dry matter accumulation is the largest.?2?Wheat plant nitrogen accumulation quantity increases with the increase of N application,in the range of 0-300 kg·hm^-22 improve effect is obvious,the amounts of accumulated nitrogen organs are characterized by stem sheath is greater than the blade and the clever axis,nitrogen accumulation period mainly for jointing stage and heading stage.The total amount of nitrogen accumulation in the W1N20 model was the largest.From nitrogen volume and proportion of water and nitrogen coupling process main stem sheath is biggest,blade,clever shaft minimum,also has a largest processing blade contribution rate,moisture content and the increase of n application helps nitrogen transhipment,this experiment WcN20 processing wheat nitrogen transfer traffic volume and the biggest contribution.?3?Soil NO₃^--N content in the N application rate of 0-300 kg·hm^-2,with the increase of N application rate increased,in 0-100 cm soil layer,the N application rate of 240 kg·hm^-22 not found NO₃^--N content in the soil of peak value,nitrate nitrogen residual is not obvious;N application rate of 300 kg·hm^-2,0-100 cm depth are residual nitrate nitrogen,and mainly to 0 to 40 cm residual amount is large,to show that the N application rate is more than 300 kg·hm^-22 wheat growth needs caused by nitrogen accumulation in the soil.In the soil of 0-100 cm after harvest,the nitrate nitrogen content was the largest in WcN20 treatment,and the smallest was W3N16b?4?Wheat nitrogen metabolism enzyme activity of the peptide enzyme activity in the early stage of the grouting is not nitrogen treatment N0 was significantly higher than that of other nitrogen treatment,21 d after flowering,in the late grouting in peptide enzyme activity began to reduce,peptide enzyme substrate level there was no significant difference between the groups,therefore said the early stage of the grouting with the increase of N application rate,protein hydrolysis enzyme activity decreased,inhibit the protein hydrolysis,favorable for transport of nitrogen redistribution and the box.The enzyme activity of W2N16b was the highest.The activity of glutamine synthase increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer,and the increase of GS activity was not obvious when the nitrogen applied was more than 240 kg·hm^-2.The effect of irrigation on GS activity was not significant.The trend of nitrate reductase activity after the flower show at first and lowered later 7 d after flowering peak,applied amount of N fertilizer has significant effects on the active,different N application for N16b above N20,between the same N application performance for N16b above N16a.The activity of nitrogen metabolism enzyme in N16b was the best,and there was no significant difference in the level of irrigation.?5?Wheat quality performance for the grain protein content in N16b processing best,N application rate of300 kg·hm^-2,there is a downturn in the protein content of wet gluten content and sedimentation value,water absorption of wheat are characterized by increases with the increase of amount of nitrogen fertilizer into,N application rate of 240 kg·hm^-22 wet gluten content is the highest.The dough is stable for the longest time of N20.The effect of irrigation on quality was not significant.W1 treatment was slightly higher than that of other irrigation treatments.In the overall analysis of protein quality,W1N16b had the highest quality of wheat.?6?There was a significant positive correlation between wheat yield and spike number,and N20 was the largest number of wheat panicles,and the number of panicles in the nitrogen treatment was N20 BBB.The water level is W2>W3>W1>Wc.The number of spike grains was N16a>N20>N16b>N0,and irrigation water had no significant effect on grain number.The thousand-grain weight is N16b>N20 is greater than or equal to N16a or greater than N0.The most comprehensive consideration of wheat yield was W3N20.The production efficiency of nitrogenous fertilizer decreased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer,and the nitrogen fertilizer production efficiency of N16b was significantly higher than that of N16b,and the nitrogen fertilizer production efficiency was the highest.[Conclusion]Wheat from the accumulation of dry matter,nitrogen absorption and transport of soil No^3--N content,the activity of the enzyme,wheat quality and yield and nitrogen efficiency of comprehensive factors,W1N16b both guarantee the yield and quality of wheat,and reduced the consumption of water and nitrogen resources,improve the economic benefit to protect the ecological environment.Therefore,W1N16b is the optimal water and nitrogen coupling model under this experiment.