| With the improvement of people's living standards and changes in dietary structure,especially after structural reforms in the agricultural supply side in recent years,the sown area of soybean(including vegetable soybeans)in China will increase significantly,and the national soybean seed area will reach 1.4 by 2020 Billion mu,this is a rare opportunity for the development of the vegetable soybean industry.However,currently there are many varieties of vegetable soybeans in the Jianghuai region,and there are many types of vegetable soybeans,and there are no obvious endemic varieties Therefore,the varieties of vegetable soybeans suitable for planting in the Jianghuai region should be selected.Efficient cultivation research has important theoretical value and practical guidance significance for the sustainable development of the local vegetable soybean industry.In this study,41 varieties of vegetable soybean widely cultivated in the Jianghuai regions were analyzed and compared in terms of seed appearance traits,agronomic traits,yield and quality,and economic benefits.Technology,the main findings are as follows:(1)The results of the seed's apparent traits showed that the color of the seed coat of the test group varied greatly,with mostly cyan?blue-yellow and yellow-green.The umbilical color changes greatly,mostly yellow-brown?dark-brown and tan.The average grain weight was 33.59g,and the variation ranged from 27.79g to 42.53g.The average protein content was 40.76%with a range of 37.07%-44.52%.The average fat content was 20.25%with a range of 18.52%-22.43%.The average protein and fat content was 61.01%,with a range of 57.49%-65.34%.(2)The results of correlation,clustering and principal component analysis of the main agronomic traits showed that there were signficant variations in all agronomic traits,with the highest variation in the crust height,the coefficient of variation of 31.41%,and the variation in the width of the clams were the smallest with a coefficient of variation of 6.45%.There was a eertain correlation between agronomic traits,and the growth period was highly significantly positively correlated with plant height,number of plant pods per plant,Pod length and pod width,and plant height was significantly positively correlated with pod length.There was a significant positive correlation between the effective number of strains and the correlation coefficient was 0.90,but the correlation between other agronomic traits was not obvious.The Euclidean distance 5.5973 can be divided into four major groups of materials,and the agronomic traits of various types are significantly different.The cumulative contribution rate of the first seven principal component factors was 87.028%,reflecting the basie features of the main agronomic traits.The genetic diversity,variability and cluster analysis of the main quality traits showed that the average protein content was 20.16%with a range of 10.57%-34.67%.The average content of crude fat was 25.39%,with a range of 20.38%-31.77%.The soluble sugar content averaged 3.99%with a variation of 1.20%-11.70%.The Euclidean distance 8.1975 can be divided into four major groups,and the differences in quality traits of various types are obvious.Comprehensive evaluation results of varieties showed that the comprehensive traits of the collar 9807 and the collar 1605 and the 75-3 were the best.(3)Variety?sowing date and density test results show that:PI(lead fresh 1605)has good comprehensive traits,plant height,fresh weight per plant,effective per plant,per plant weight,commity yield,crude fat content.The contents of soluble sugar and soluble sugar were significantly higher than those of P2(Oasis Tehawang)and P3(Spring shed special early).It is suitable for local planting and easy to obtain high yield.The optimum sowing date for the Jianghuai region was around April 12th,and the most suitable plant spacing was 30cmx 30cm,which was conducive to the growth and yield formation of vegetable soybeans.The economic benefits of vegetable soybeans planted around April 12 were significantly higher than the yields at the sowing date of April 2 and April 22,which were 1.58%and 0.56%higher respectively.When nitrogen fertilizer treatment was 15kg/667m2,the number of stubble per plant,effective stubble per plant,stubble per plant,plot yield,crude fat content and soluble sugar content were significantly higher than those of CK and other four treatments.The appropriate local nitrogen fertilizer application amount was 15kg/667m2,easy to increase the economic output of vegetable soybean.When the content of trace element fertilizer was 8kg/667m2,the 100-grain weight,the number of stubble per plant,the number of effective stubs per plant,the weight per plant and the content of crude fat were significantly higher than those of CK and other 2 treatments.The application amount of element fertilizer is 8kg/667m2,which is beneficial to promote the absorption of trace elements in crops and increase the application efficiency.In summary,vegetable soybeans such as LX9807,LX1605,and 75-3 are suitable for planting in the Jianghuai region.The appropriate planting date is around April 12,at a density(row spacing)of 30 cm×30 cm,and the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer is 15 kg/667 m2.High yield and economic benefits can be obtained when the amount of trace element fertilizer is 8kg/667m2. |
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