| The incidence of canine mammary tumors is high and the classification is complex.To improve the accuracy of diagnosis of canine mammary tumors,immunohistochemical markers PCK、CK5/6、CK8/18、a-SMA、Calponin、P63、Vimentin、Ki-67 and PCNA staining were collected from 48 cases of canine mammary tumors by immunohistochemistry combined with routine histological diagnosis.The results of staining were used to evaluate the application of these markers in the diagnosis of canine mammary tumors.The results of 48 cases of canine mammary tumors were as follows: 29 cases of benign mammary tumors,including 2 cases of adenoma,2 cases of fibroadenoma,4 cases of ductal adenoma,3 cases of intraductal papilloma,8 cases of complex adenoma,8 cases of benign mixed tumor,2 cases of ductal adenoma with squamous differentiation;19 cases of malignant mammary tumor,including 3 cases of comedocarcinoma,1 case of cribriform carcinoma,1 case of ductal carcinoma,1 case of tubulopapillary carcinoma,1 case of complex carcinoma,and 3 cases of mixed carcinoma,4 cases of malignant myoepithelioma,1 case of carcinosarcoma,1 case of osteosarcoma,and 1 case of chondrosarcoma.Immunohistochemical staining of PCK,CK5/6,CK8/18,a-SMA,Calponin,and P63 revealed that the cancer cells of three comedocarcinomas were different.One of which was derived from luminal epithelial cells;the other two were derived from myoepithelial cells.The results of the study indicate that immunohistochemical staining can be more accurately when diagnose the source of tumor cells.IHC staining results of 8 complex and 8 mixed tumors in 48 cases of canine mammary tumors showed that PCK,CK5/6 and CK8/18 were all expressed in luminal epithelial cells,PCK,CK5/6,a-SMA,Calponin,P63 and Vimentin were all expressed in basal myoepithelial cells.PCK,CK5/6,a-SMA,Calponin and P63 gradually decreased expression in interstitial myoepithelial cells.Vimentin was strongly expressed in various types of myoepithelial cells and the bone or cartilage component in mixed tumor indicates that the myoepithelial cells in complex and mixed tumors have undergone interstitial transformation,and gradually lose the characteristics of the myoepithelial cells and increase the characteristics of the interstitial cells during the transformation.The expression of a-SMA,Calponin and P63 in 48 cases of canine mammary tumor showed that the myoepithelial cells of 11 cases were positive for P63,3 of them positive for Calponin,and all of them negative for a-SMA.The results of this study indicate that SMA and Calponin are not suitable as a single marker for identifying myoepithelial cells,P63 is more suitable as a marker for identifying myoepithelial cells in canine mammary tumor than a-SMA and Calponin.Immunohistochemical staining of 28 paraneoplastic tissues in this study showed that CK5/6 was positively expressed in the luminal epithelial cells,basal cells,and acinar myoepithelial cells in the paraneoplastic tissues,while in the acinar luminal epithelium the cells were negative for CK5/6,and CK8/18 was positively expressed in the luminal epithelial cells of the duct and acinus.This result indicates that the combination of CK5/6 and CK8/18 can distinguish between luminal epithelial cells of the ductal and luminal epithelial cells of the acinar.The expression of Ki-67 and PCNA in 48 cases of canine breast tumor showed that the expression of PCNA in benign and malignant canine mammary tumor was higher than that of Ki-67,and the positive rate in some tumors was as high as 90%.The expression of PCNA in benign and malignant canine breast tumor was not significantly different.The expression of Ki-67 in benign and malignant canine mammary tumor is significantly different,indicating that Ki-67 proliferation index can be used as one of the markers of benign and malignant judgment of canine mammary tumor. |
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