| Sow reproductive performance directly affects the economic benefits of breeding herds.Regulating body condition of sows during gestation is one of the effective ways to improve the reproductive performance of sows.Our previous study indicated sows with fat or thin backfat increased weak piglets and stillbirths,and fat sows led to decrease feed intake during lactation.Gestation diet supplemented with functional fiber(rapid fermentation,high expansion and strong water absorption)can reduce weak piglets,and increase feed intake during lactation by improving insulin sensitivity in sows.In addition,we also found the “up down up” feeding strategy during gestation increased litter performance of sows in our previous study.However,the precise feeding technology during gestation to regulate sow body condition need to be established.Moreover,whether precise feeding technology combined with supplementing functional fiber in gestation diet can further improve sow reproductive performance under the “up down up” feeding strategy situation in large scale herds is not clear.To sum up,this study aimed to 1)establish precise feeding technology to regulate sow body condition during gestation;2)effects of gestation diet supplemented with functional fiber under the “down down up” feeding strategy situation on sow reproductive performance;3)effects of precise feeding technology combined with supplementing functional fiber in gestation diet on sow reproductive performance in a large scale commercial herds.Results are presented as follows:1.Results of mixed effect model analysis showed sows’ backfat thickness at the end of gestation and gestation diet supplemented with functional fiber were the two key influencing factors on litter performance of sows(P < 0.01).The regulation criteria for body condition was divided into ≤ 12 mm,13-15 mm,16-18 mm,19-21 mm and ≥ 22 mm according to the analysis of backfat at parturition and sow litter performance,of which 16-18 mm was the standard backfat thickness.Results of dynamic body condition control for two successive breeding cycles showed the proportion of sows with backfat ≤ 12 mm decreased by 30.55%,while that of sows with backfat at 16-18 mm increased by 13.6% at the end of period 1(P < 0.01).At period 2,the proportion of sows with backfat ≤ 12 mm further decreased by 3.76%,while that of sows with backfat at 16-18 mm further increased by 3.56%.After sow body condition improving,the total feed intake and average daily feed intake of sows at period 2 further decreased by 28.65 kg and 0.27 kg/d,respectively compared with those at period 1.Moreover,sows with backfat at 16-18 mm had 0.83 and 0.86 higher piglet born alive than those with backfat ≤ 12 mm and ≥ 22 mm,respectively(P < 0.05).In addition,sows with backfat at 16-18 mm had 2.72% higher raising rate(P < 0.05),and 2.50 mm lower backfat loss(P < 0.01)than those with backfat ≤ 12 mm.2.Gestation diet supplemented with functional fiber decreased total and average feed intake during gestation and backfat loss during lactation,while increased sow litter performance and percentage of a-class of piglet.Total piglet,piglet born alive and healthy piglet in the fiber group increased by 0.42,0.49 and 0.41,respectively,compared with those in the control group at period 1(P < 0.01),and it increased by 0.57,0.27 and 0.61,respectively compared with those in the control group at period 2(P < 0.01).In addition,the number of a-class of piglet for sows in the fiber group increased by 0.27 compared with that for sows in the control group(P < 0.01).3.Results of precise feeding technology combined with supplementing functional fiber in gestation diet on sow reproduction performance showed although there was no interaction between body condition and fiber treatment on total feed intake and average daily feed intake of sows during gestation(P > 0.05),the total feed intake and average daily feed intake of the sows in fiber group were lower than those of sows in control group with no bad impact on the proportion of sows with backfat at 16-18 mm at the end of gestation(P > 0.05).More importantly,there was an interaction between sow body condition and fiber treatment on healthy piglet(P = 0.06).The healthy piglets of sows with backfat 16-18 mm in fiber group was further increased 1.54 than that of sows with backfat 16-18 mm in control group(P < 0.01).In addition,the backfat loss of sows with backfat at 16-18 mm decreased by 1.43 mm compared with that of sows with backfat ≥ 22 mm.after supplementing functional fiber in gestation diet,the backfat loss of sows with backfat at 16-18 mm further decreased by 1.14 mm compared with that of sows with backfat ≥ 22 mm.In aspect of serum indicators,serum urea nitrogen on d 14 of lactation(P = 0.09),and serum leptin on d 0,7,14,and 21 of lactation(P < 0.05)for sows with backfat ≥ 19 mm in fiber group was decreased compared with that for sows with backfat ≥ 19 mm in control group.In conclusion,a precise feeding technology for dynamic body condition regulation was established in this study.After two successive cycles of productive experiments,the proportion of over-fat and over-thin sows decrease and that of ideal backfat sows increased,and litter performance of sows with ideal body condition was improved compared with those of sows with unideal body condition through this program.Gestation diet supplemented with functional fiber decreased total feed intake during gestation,and improved sow litter performance.More importantly,precise feeding technology combined with supplementing functional fiber in gestation diet can further improve sow reproductive performance. |
PDF Full Text Request