Preliminary Study On The Flower Physiology And Flower Time Regulator Of Anoectochilus Roxburghii

Anoectochilus roxburghii is a perennial herb of the genus Orchidaceae.In this paper,we studied the A.roxburghii of the external morphology,internal physiological and biochemical indexes and the changes of seed germination rate when the exogenous hormone was treated in the process of forming into flower,which laid a foundation for the richness of reproductive biology and improving breeding of A.roxburghii.At the same time,we also explored the effect of different temperatures,photoperiods and exogenous hormones on the flowering of A.roxburghii,which provide a theoretical basis for the regulation technology of the golden line lotus.1.We studied the morphological changes and structural development during the differentiation of lotus flower buds,and the physiological changes during flower bud differentiation were monitored.The process of development of the lip and the column was clarified,then we divided the flower bud differentiation period into five stages: vegetative growth period,flower bud differentiation stage,flowering stage,flower ending stage and fruiting stage.The content of soluble protein in flower buds continued to rise,and the highest value were 5.71 times that of the initial stage of flower bud differentiation.But the soluble sugar content continued to decrease by about 60.27%.The enzyme activity value of POD and CAT decreased first and then increased,and the lowest enzyme activity were in the middle of flower bud differentiation.However,the value of SOD enzyme activity increased first and then cut down,and the peak appeared in the middle of flower bud differentiation.What's more,the content of MDA continued to rise,and PRO content increased first and then slowly decreased.2.After treating the A.roxburghii with 20°C/15°C,25°C/20°C,30°C/25°C(day/night),we found that the flowering period were 5 days earlier and the plant grew well at 25°C/20°C.The low temperature(20°C/15°C)treatment delayed the flowering period by 16 days,the plants were short.At high temperature(30°C/25°C),the flower buds were aborted,the plants were prone to stem rot and eventually cause apoptosis.After comparing three photoperiod treatments of 8h/1 h,12h/12 h and 16h/8h(day/night),we found short daylight(8h/16h)treatment delayed the initial flowering period by 8d,while long sunshine(16h/8h)brought the initial flowering period forward by 3d,and the flowering rate was higher.Used water as a control and treated A.roxburghii with 0.01mol/L and 0.1mol/L concentrations of spermidine,we summarized that spraying 0.01mol/L exogenous spermidine every half month could advance the initial flowering stage 7d;High concentration(0.1 mol/L)exogenous spermidine inhibited the enzyme activity,making the golden lotus flower unable to form flowers normally.What's more,low concentration(0.01mol/L)exogenous spermidine promoted the synergistic effect of POD,SOD and CAT,which made the early flowering stage of A.roxburghii advanced.3.Taking the seeds of A.roxburghii as the research object,the morphological analysis showed that the color of A.roxburghii seeds changed from transparent white to brown,most of them were spindle-shaped,with wide middle and smaller on both sides;the seed coat was transparent white;and the proportion of air cavity was more than 70%.The germination rate of seeds were compared by spraying water as the control group.It was found that application of 0.2mmol/L Spd every day promoted the germination of A.roxburghii seeds.