Effects Of Titanium Fertilizer On Growth And Development Of Different Grape Cultivars

Some indicators such as shoot growth,leaf feature,physiological and biochemical characteristics,photosynthetic properties,nutrient elements and fruit quality were investigated after grape cultivars ‘Fred’ and ‘Golden Finger’ were sprayed with titanium fertilizer in field,aiming at understanding the effects of titanium fertilizer on the growth and development of the grape cultivars and providing titanium fertilizer application in production with guidance and further enhancing the growth,yield and fruit quality of the grape.The results showed that all of the investigated items including the leaf area,shoot length,peroxidase(POD)activity,starch,chlorophyll(Chl),carotenoid(Car),soluble solids and total soluble sugar contents,fruit weight,net photosynthetic rate(Pn)and transpiration rate(E)were enhanced significantly or very significantly by spraying titanium fertilizer.When the plants were treated with titanium fertilizer the POD activity,total phosphorus content and fruit cluster weight of ‘Fred’ were very significantly higher than that of ‘Gold Finger’ while the leaf area,shoot length,soluble sugar and starch and total nitrogen and titratable acid and total potassium and soluble solids contents,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,Chl and Car of ‘Golden Finger’ is higher than that of ‘Fred’.The leaf area of ‘Golden Finger’ increased very significantly but the leaf thickness decreased very significantly after titanium fertilizer spraying,while the leaf area and thickness of ‘Frey’ did exactly the same variation only when the plants were sprayed with1500 times and 2200 times dilute solutions of titanium fertilizer respectively.With titanium fertilizer spraying the soluble sugar content of ‘Golden Finger’ decreased significantly while that of ‘Fred’ had no significant change;the antioxidant enzymes activities of ‘Frey’ were enhanced significantly while that of ‘Golden Finger’ changed a little and the Pn of ‘Golden Finger’ increased significantly,while that of ‘Fred’ varied a little.Application of titanium fertilizer had little effect on the pigment content of the two cultivars but had a great influence on the total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium contents.The fruit cluster weight of ‘Golden Finger’ was increased significantly by spraying titanium fertilizer but that of ‘Fred’ had no obvious increasing.The soluble solids,tartaric acid and titratable acid contents of ‘Fred’ decreased very significantly under titanium fertilizer treatment which had a little influence on ‘Golden Finger’.The results of membership function analysis showed that the maximum average value of membership function for ‘Frey’ appeared at the 2200 times dilute solution treatment,while that for ‘Golden Finger’ emerged at 700 times dilute solution treatment.The comprehensive indexes and membership function analysis showed that the grape growth,photosynthetic capacity and production can be enhanced by spraying titanium fertilizer,of which the appropriate concentration for ‘Frey’ is 2200 times dilute solution and for ‘Golden Finger’ is 700 times dilute solution.