The Quality Analysis And Evaluation Of Aconitum Carmichaeli Debx In Different Cultivation Areas

Aconitum carmichaeli Debx a plant in genus Aconitum Ranunculaceae.Its root tuber is used as the radix aconite,and the daughter root is used as aconiti lateralis radix praeparata.In this study,the aconite was used as the research object.The index components,ash,extracts and 10 trace elements were detected on 20 samples,which were collected from Sichuan Jiangyou,Sichuan Mianyang,Shaanxi Hanzhong,Sichuan Bazhong,Sichuan Guangyuan and Chongqing.Combined with the analysis of the chemical properties and heavy metal content of the soil,this thesis explored the differences in the quality of aconite in each cultivation area and then analysis of the causes.The main findings are as follows:1.Analysis of ash and extract content in A.carmichaeli Debx samples from different cultivation areasRefer to the second method of water measurement,which is in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia published in 2015: ash content and leachate content of 20 samples from different cultivation areas were measured by ash determination method and leaching method.The content of the content of ash was 1.47%-3.63%,the average content was 2.43%;the content of leachate was 4.96%-9.92%,and the average content was 7.29%.The results showed that there were some differences in the ash and leachate of aconitum in different cultivation areas.After comprehensive analysis,the content of ash can not exceed 5%;the content of leachate can not exceed 10%.Secondly,the highest average indicators are all the samples of the genuine habitats.And the indicators show that the variation of the content of the genuine habitats is smaller than non-real habitat.On the other hand,this result also indicates that the above 2 indicators have no significance for the quality classification of aconitum.The study should be combined with its intrinsic quality analysis to further develop the A.carmichaeli Debx grade standard,which can also provide a theoretical basis and guiding significance for its circulation in the market.2.Analysis of the content of indicative components of A.carmichaeli Debx in different cultivation areasAconitum tuber roots(radix aconiti,aconiti lateralis radix praeparata)which collected from 20 different cultivation areas were used as materials,then this thesis determined and compared the contents of index components in Shengchuanwu and Shengfuzi.The variation in the samples were similar,and the content of index components in each sample was significantly different.In Jiangyou cultivation area,the content was generally higher,the average content was 1343.95 ?g/g and 1371.16 ?g/g,respectively;the content in Chongqing cultivation area was the lowest,with an average content of 1102.51 ?g/g;the content in the cultivated area of Bazhong was the lowest,with an average content of 1072.15 ?g/g.The results showed that the content of index components in different cultivation areas is significantly different.So when the content of index components was used as the criterion for judging the quality of aconite,the genuineness evaluation advantage was not obvious.3.Analysis of soil chemical properties in different cultivated areas of A.carmichaeli DebxBy measuring the contents of organic matter,available phosphorus,available potassium,nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in the soil of each cultivation area,combined with the index content of aconite in each cultivation area,the results showed that there were differences in soil chemical properties among different cultivation areas.The content of organic matter in 20 soil samples was 25.11-33.95g/kg,the content of available phosphorus was 15.95-33.01mg/kg,the content of available potassium was 114.67-132.93mg/kg,and the content of ammonium nitrogen was 12.09-91.87mg/kg,the content of nitrate nitrogen was 6.24-7.51mg/kg.The content of available phosphorus,available potassium and organic matter in the soil samples of Jiangyou was significantly higher than that in the non-real habitat.The results showed that there was a certain correlation between soil chemical properties and the content of index components.The content of available phosphorus and available potassium was positively correlated with the content of index components(p<0.01),this result provided data support for the genuineness evaluation study of aconitum.4.Determination of trace elements harmful elements in A.carmichaeli Debx of different cultivation areas and evaluation of the heavy metal enrichment coefficient and risk assessmentIn this study,the aconite and soil were used as research objects,and the best experimental conditions were adopted.The ICP-OES method was used to analyze Ca?Zn?Fe?Mn?Mg?Cu?Cd?Pb elements in aconite samples and soil samples.Mercury(Hg)and arsenic(As)were determined by atomic fluorescence spectrometry.Then comprehensive analysis of the difference in trace element content,pollution status of heavy metals,harmful elements in aconite samples,and the ability of aconitum materials to concentrate heavy metals in soil.The results of the experiment showed that the contents of heavy metals and harmful elements in 20 samples of Aconitum and soil samples met the requirements of "Green Industry Standard for Import and Export of Medicinal Plants and Preparations" and "Soil Environmental Quality Standard".and their heavy metal aggregate index and single pollution.The total index of heavy metals,single pollution index and comprehensive pollution index were not polluted.The trace elements in the cultivated areas of Sichuan Jiangyou and Mianyang Anxian were slightly higher than other cultivated areas,especially the content of zinc(Zn),and the content of trace elements in Chongqing cultivation area is the lowest.There was a big difference in the contents of trace elements between the A.carmichaeli Debx samples and soil samples,and the order is Ca>Mg>Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu>Pb>As>Cd>Hg;the enrichment ability of heavy metals and harmful elements in soil was Cd,Cu,Hg,As and Pb from strong to weak.In conclusion,the quality of 20 A.carmichaeli Debx samples from 6 cultivation areas in this study was significantly different.The content of indicative components of A.carmichaeli Debx in genuine producing areas is higher than that in non-genuine producing areas;there is a certain correlation between soil chemical properties and the content of indicative components in Aconitum samples;the content of trace elements in Sichuan Jiangyou and Mianyang A.carmichaeli Debx samples in genuine producing areas is higher than that in other cultivating areas;and the comprehensive quality of Sichuan Jiangyou is the best among the samples from different cultivating areas.