| Chrysanthemum morifolium(Ramat.)Tzvel.'Chuju' in the four major drugs chrysanthemum('Chuju','Boju','Gongju','Hangbaiju'),is both for tea and medicine,mainly produced in Chuzhou.'Chuju'planting long history,but most of the chrysanthemum farmers grow in idle plots in small-scale,on the basis of their experience only cultivation management.The lack of a system,standardization cultivation management techniques,so that 'Chuju' yield and quality is difficult to meet the requirements of the market,which seriously limits the development of the industry.In this paper,starting from 'Chuju' screening of high quality seedlings,by setting different planting period,planting density,heart and sprouting solutions,preparation of se-enriched'Chuju',using biochar 'Chuju' flood-resistant ability,for the 'Chuju' provide theoretical basis for the high yield and good quality.Main results are as follows:1.The experiment used five kinds of planting date,three kinds of planting density,with 15 process in total and three kinds of topping program for Chrysanthemum cultivation test.The planting date is May 4(A1),May 17(A2),May 31(A3),June 9(A4)and June 24(A5)respectively;The planting density is 40 cm×40 cm(B1),50 cm×50 cm(B2)and 60 cm×60 cm(B3)respectively;The topping numbers on flowering are 0,1 and 2 times respectively.Respectively measured plant height,crown breadth,stem diameter,a number of branches,the secondary branch number,dead leaves and plant aging in squaring stage and full-bloom stage.Harvested in the full-bloom stage,counted the number of a crop of flowers,second crop flowers,three crops flowers,invalid bud,the number of flowers per plant and the yield per plant.The results show that,with the passage of planting patters,The plant size of planting date A4 and A5 was significantly less than planting date A1,A2 and A3,there was no significant difference between planting date A1,A2and A3;The yield per plant and the quality of flowers that planted on May 17and May 31 with the planting density of 50 cm×50 cm is the highest;The acre yield that planted on May 17and May 31 with the planting density of 40 cm×40 cm is the highest.Topping numbers on flowering of twice,secondary branch number increased significantly;Compact plant type is more,low the yield per plant is the highest.2.In medicine,tea combination Chrysanthemum morifolium(Ramat)Tzvel 'Chuju' as test materials,discusses what is the best time to spraying selenium and selenium concentrations.In the different stages of growth and development of Chrysanthemum morifolium(Ramat)Tzvel 'Chuju',spraying on the leaf of a certain concentration of sodium selenite(50 mg/L),spraying period respective on August 23(A),September 8(B),September 24(C),October11(D);At the same time(D)of growth and development of Chrysanthemum morifolium(Ramat)Tzvel 'Chuju' spraying different concentrations of sodium selenite,spraying concentration of 5 mg/L,10 mg/L,30 mg/L,50 mg/L,80 mg/L respectively,after analysis of selenium content in 'Chuju' flower and the change of flavonoid content,chlorogenic acid ect.Results show that the 8 September and October 11,leaf spray sodium selenite,The total selenium in the flowers of 'Chuju' and selenium content in tea was significantly higher than that of other treatments,Sprinkle on September 8,flowers of organic selenium content in the highest,Sprinkle on September 8 and September 24,can significantly improve the 'Chuju' the content of total flavonoid and chlorogenic acid;With the increase of spraying selenium concentrations,the content of selenium in flowers was significantly improved,flavonoids content shows the tendency of decrease.3.'Chuju' producing areas in the East China summer precipitation is large,longer duration,'Chuju' are vulnerable to waterlogging stress through pot experiment,the six biochar addition levels(0 g.kg-1),(5 g.kg-1),(10 g.kg-1),(30 g.kg-1),(50 g.kg-1),(100 g.kg-1)to investigate the adding different amount of biochar of potted plants 'Chuju' waterlogging resistance and the influence of soil physical and chemical properties.Results show that in 50 g.kg-1 and 100 g.kg-1 level of'Chuju' to normal growth,plant height,crown breadth,branch number,stem diameter is significantly higher than other processing,such as biochar addition amount is less than 50 g.kg-1 'Chuju' waterlogging stress influence the processing of serious,plant growing weak,blade wilting yellow,less to spend,spend appearance quality decline,yield loss is larger;Each processing soil determination results found that add biochar can reduce the soil bulk density,increase the soil water content,increase the soil porosity,make the soil ventilation smooth,temporarily reduce the rainfall on soil bulk density,soil porosity.4.By comparing 'Chuju' stubble seedlings,individual seedlings,virus-free plant seedlings,cutting seedlings in the budding period and full-bloom stage respectively,Respectively measured plant height,crown breadth,stem diameter,leaf number and flower number,yield,and to measure the single flowers fresh dry weight,diameter,to assess the influence of different seedlings on 'Chuju' yield.Results show that the 'Chuju' virus-free plant seedlings grew strong,yield and quality of flower were significantly better than the other three seedlings,four 'Chuju' seedlings yield comparison:virus-free strains seedlings>cutting seedlings>individual seedlings>stubble seedlings.5.After the planting of the seedling,the plants were treated with different degrees of budding,that is,the plants were retained by A(three primary branches),B(four primary branches),C(five first Branches),D(six first-level branches)the number of branches,The naturally grown plants were the control.Measure the diameter of flowers,the length of tongue-shaped flowers,the width of tongue-shaped flowers,the number of tongue flowers,the number of tubular flowers,fresh weight of single flowers,dry weight of single flowers in the flowering period.as well as changes in flavonoids and chlorogenic acid.The results showed that the diameter of flower,the length of tongue-shaped flower,the number of tongue-shaped flowers,the number of tubular flowers,the fresh weight of single flower and the dry weight of single flower were significantly larger than those of natural growth. |
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