Comparative Study On Growth. Yield And Quality Of Three Generations Of TAV-free Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat.

Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.belongs to Asteraceae is a perennial herbs which is known as one of the Four-Huaiqing Chinese medicines,but long-term nutrition reproduction causes serious viral infection resulting in decrease of yield and quality.In order to solve this problem,the technology system of virus-free and its rapid propagation of C.morifolium was established by our laboratory.On this basis,we took the first,second and third generations of TAV-free Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.‘Huaihuang’which was an excellent variety of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.as experimental materials and studied its from the aspects of agronomic traits,physiological and biochemical characteristics,yield and quality.The results were as follows:1.Comparative study on agronomic traits.In the field growth stage(July to October),the plant height,crown width and the branch number per plant of the three generations in different strains were superior to the control;In the same generation,the plant height and crown width of TAV-free strain YD5J6 were higher than others;In the same strain,the second generation was better than the third generation,significantly better than the first generation;The plant height and crown width of strain YD5J6 of the second generation were highest,respectively for 97.6cm,104.6 cm(In October).There was a large number of tiller number per plant in the first generation,and the second generation and the third generation had little or no tiller number per plant.2.Comparative study on physiology and biochemistry.In the field growth stage(July to October),(1)The photosynthetic pigment contents and N metabolism level of the three generations in different strains of TAV-free C.morifolium were superior to the control;In the same generation,the strain of YD5J6 were better than YD5J2,significantly better than YC1J;In the same strain the second generation was better than the first generation and the third generation in the same month.(2)The membrane lipid peroxidation level: The MDA and H2O2 contents and the production rate of O2·-of different generations of TAV-free C.morifolium were lower than those of the control;In the same generation,Compared with YC1 J and YD5J2,virus-free strain of YD5J6 were lowest;The samestrain in the same month showed that the third generation were better than the second generation and the first generation.3.Comparative study on yield.We conduct a comparative analysis of different strains in many ways consisting of the flower capita per plant,the fresh weight per plant,the dry weight per plant and the yield per mu,and we found that all the indexes mentioned above from three generations in different strains of TAV-free C.morifolium were superior to the control,Among them,the strain YD5J6 was the highest and it had the largest increasing in yield,its three generations of the growth rate were 40.90%,25.17%,15.52%;In the same generation,the indexes mentioned above from of the strain YD5J6 were better than YD5J2,significantly better than YC1 J,The indexes mentioned above from the second generation were higher than the third generation and the first generation in the same strains,Above all,the strain of YD5J6 from the second generation was the highest in yield per mu,uping to 385.88 kg,which had increased by 77.42% compared to the strains of YD5J6 from the first generation and increased by 21.47% compared to the strains of YC1 J from the second generation.4.Comparative study on quality.Comparison of chlorogenic acid,luteoloside and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid contents and some enzymes that related to synthesis of those among the first,second and third generations of TAV-free Chy.morifolium growth in the field was conducted,and we found all the ingredients mentioned above from the different strains of TAV-free C.morifolium in the different generations were higher than those from the control group,among them,the strain of YC1 J was the highest,whose growth rate of the three indexes mentioned above were 16.261%,42.903%,34.643% in the first generation;the chlorogenic acid and its isomers3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid of YC1 J were the highest in the first and second generations,the first generation were 5.534%,23.331%,the second generation were 5.625%,22.697%,there was no significant difference of luteoloside contents between YC1 J and YD5J6;three ingredients mentioned above in the first and second generations were higher than those in the third generation when they come from the same strain,which were associated with the activity of the key enzymes that related to synthesis of chlorogenic acid,luteoloside and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid and the expression of CHS gene and HCT gene.Above all,the second generation of TAV-free plantlets is the best planting generation with the highestyield and better quality,the third generation of TAV-free plantlets can still apply to the production despite of decreasing in both yield and quality.Virus-free strain of YD5J6 with the highest yield and better quality can be used in large-scale production,YC1 J is the best quality strain and can be used for large-scale production to extract the C.morifolium medicinal ingredients,especially chlorogenic acid,luteoloside and3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid contents.The large-scale production of TAV-free plantlets should adopt the breeding technology system,the laboratory product the virus-free plantlets and by the virus-free plantlets to obtain production seed(the second generation of TAV-free plantlets).